Postpartum depression: An integrated nursing care approach

Abstract

Postpartum depression is a critical mental health issue impacting maternal functioning, infant development, and family well-being. Reported prevalence rates vary across study populations, assessment timing, screening tools, and cutoff scores, necessitating a clear distinction between a positive screening result and a clinical diagnosis. This review article synthesizes empirical evidence on clinical features, associated factors, consequences, screening methods, treatment approaches, and nursing roles, while proposing an integrated care framework based on the five-step nursing process. Findings indicate that screening serves as an entry point to identify individuals requiring further evaluation rather than a diagnostic substitute. Care planning should comprehensively consider clinical history, symptoms, family context, individual needs, and safety concerns to guide interventions ranging from mental health promotion and primary support to coordinated treatment referral. As most evidence originates internationally, application within the Thai context must account for local workforce availability, resources, and service delivery systems. In conclusion, quality care requires seamlessly integrating screening, assessment, intervention, closed-loop referral, and continuous follow-up.