Prevalence of anxiety and depression in prospective underwent coronary angiogram or percutaneous coronary intervention at Sirindhorn Cardiac Center Phramongkutklao Hospital: A 3 month prospective study

Abstract

Background: The incidence of cardiovascular disease has been increasing annually: currently it is a leading cause of death in Thailand and worldwide. Through the experience at Sirindhorn Cardiac Centre, Phramongkutklao Hospital, we found the cardiac patient who has anxiety and depression symptom develops poor prognosis, illness and frequent re-hospitalization.

Objective: To have a 3-month prospective study of the prevalence of anxiety and depression in coronary angiogram and percutaneous coronary intervention patients at Sirindhorn Cardiac Center, Phramongkutklao Hospital.

Methods: The subjects were patients who have been diagnosed with coronary artery disease or suspected cases who have done coronary angiogram or percutaneous coronary intervention at Sirindhorn Cardiac Center of Phramongkutklao Hospital; data collected included: personal information, medical data, psychosocial data and Thai version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; the data twice collected within 3 months. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistic: percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Chi-square and logistic regression were used to find the correlation between independent variable and dependent variables.

Results: A total of 100 patients, mostly men 81%, aged 64.7 years (SD = 9.4) were recruited. On the first time the prevalence of anxiety and/or depression was 44%; on the second time, the prevalence of anxiety and/or depression was 31.11%. Factors associated with anxiety and/or depression were history of psychiatric disorder (P < 0.05), functional class (P < 0.01), history of hospitalization by heart disease (1 year) (P < 0.05). Immediately after cardiac catheterization the demonstration between anxiety and/or depression with illness and re-hospitalization (P < 0.04); three months after done cardiac catheterization was associated with statistical significance (P < 0.01).
Conclusion: The prevalence of anxiety or depression in patients with coronary artery disease got lower when the patients received their treatment. And anxiety and/or depression was associated with morbidity after cardiac catheterization and re-hospitalization with statistical significance.