The Challenging of Teenage Pregnancy in Thailand
Keywords:
teenage, pregnancy, ThailandAbstract
Teenage pregnancy is a complex problem arisen in many countries, particularly developing countries including Thailand. Although Thailand has tried to solve the problem, the number of teenage pregnancy still occurred and it tends to increase every years. There are many factors related to teenage pregnancy involving personal factor, family factor, peer pressure and social issues and environment problems. Pregnancy during young age has a vast impact on physical and mental of the youth. It is not only teenage mother that affected by pregnancy nevertheless, new born babies, family of adolescent mothers and the society was affected. Thailand has attempted to erase the problem by focusing on prevention unsafe sex and developing more effective sex education. Nurses, public health workers and social workers and all sectors were collaborated to work in hospitals and communities however, the issue of teenage pregnancy still remains. Therefore, solving this problem is not easy because of many limitations. There are various causes to be concerned and solved. Teenage pregnancy is a challenging for healthcare providers, other stakeholders and all Thai people. Deeper understanding in all dimensions of teenage pregnancy issue will lead to increase the awareness of the problem and to discover the greatest solution for Thailand.
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References
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Neal S, Matthews Z, Frost M, Fogstad H, Camacho AV, Laski L. Childbearing in adolescents aged 12–15 years in low resource countries: a neglected issue. New estimates from demographic and household surveys in 42 countries. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2555;91:1114–8.
Lamchiek K. “How to prevent unwanted teenage pregnancy?”. Journal of Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Bangkok 2558;3:97-105.
สำนักอนามัยการเจริญพันธ์ กรมอนามัย. สถาณการณ์การอนามัยเจริญพันธ์ในวัยรุ่นและเยาวชน ปี 2560 [อินเตอร์เน็ต]. 2560 [เข้าถึงเมื่อ 2 เม.ย. 2561]. เข้าถึงได้จาก: http://rh.anamai.moph.go.th/ ewt_dl_link.php?nid=86
สำนักงานสนับสนุนการสร้างเสริมสุขภาพ. สร้างทัศนคติใหม่ในการพกถุงยางอนามัย. กรุงเทพฯ: สานักงานสนับสนุนการสร้างเสริมสุขภาพ; 2561.
Narkbubpha R, Kansukcharearn A, Wongwiliyavat B. Circumstance leading to pregnancy and problem solving process of unwanted teenage pregnancy in the phetchaburi province, Thailand. Sociology Study 2013;3:974-84.
Sriprasert I, Chaovisitsaree S, Sribanditmongkhol N, Sunthornlimsiri N, Kietpeerakool C. Unintended pregnancy and associated risk factors among young pregnant women. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 2015;1283:228-31.
Naravage W, Vichit-Vadakan N, Sakulbumrungsil RC, Van Der Putten M. Factors affecting decision making of low-income young women with unplanned pregnancies in Bangkok, Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2005;36:775-82.
Fernando D, Nalika G, Upul S, Chrishantha WM, De Alwis R, Hemantha S, et al. Risk factors for teenage pregnancies in Sri Lanka: perspective of a community based study. Health Science Journal 2013;7:269-84.
Moni SA, Nair MKC, Devi RS. Pregnancy among unmarried adolescents and young adults. J Obstet Gynaecol India 2013;63:49-54.
Mushwana L, Monareng L, Richter S, Muller H. Factors influencing the adolescent pregnancy rate in the Greater Giyani Municipality, Limpopo Province - South Africa. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences 2015;2:10-8.
Yako EM, Yako JM. A descriptive study of the reasons and consequences of pregnancy among single adolescent mothers in Lesotho. Curationis 2007;30:74-81.
Heavey EJ, Moysich KB, Hyland A, Druschel CM, Sill MW. Differences in pregnancy desire among pregnant female adolescents at a state-funded family planning clinic. J Midwifery Womens Health 2008;53:130-7.
Tangmunkongvorakul A, Kane R, Wellings K. Gender double standards in young people attending sexual health services in Northern Thailand. Cult Health Sex 2005;7:361-73.
Cirawattanakul S, Sawancharoun K, Runruangkamonkit S, Arnusonteerakul S, Chongaudomkarn D, Wattanakulkeart S, et al. Prevention of and dealing with teenage pregnancy. Khon Kaen University: Centre for research and training on gender and woman's health; 2011.
Meade CS, Kershaw TS, Ickovics JR. The intergenerational cycle of teenage motherhood: an ecological approach. Health Psychology 2008; 27:419-29.
Konadu Gyesaw NY, Ankomah A. Experiences of pregnancy and motherhood among teenage mothers in a suburb of Accra, GGhana: A qualitative study. Int J Womens Health 2013;5:773-80.
East PL, Reyes BT, Horn EJ. Association between adolescent pregnancy and a family history of teenage births. Perspect Sex Reprod Health 2007;39:108-15.
Chaikoolvatana C, Powwattana A, Lagampan S, Jirapongsuwan A, Bennet T. Development of a school-based pregnancy prevention model for early adolescent female Thais. Pac Rim Int J Nurs Res Thail 2014;17:131-47.
Safeek R. Voluntary female sex work vs. Sex trafficking of women [Internet]. 2560 [cited 2018 Apr 2]. Available from: https://bluedevilbanter.wordpress.com/2556/10/13/voluntary-female-sex-work-vs-sex-trafficking-of-women/
Schaffer MA, Goodhue A, Stennes K, Lanigan C. Evaluation of a public health nurse visiting program for pregnant and parenting teens. [Erratum appears in Public Health Nurs 2012;29:218-31.
Moraros J, Buckingham RW, Bird Y, Prapasiri S, A G-B. Low condom use among adolescent female sex workers in Thailand. J HIV AIDS Soc Serv 2012;11:125-39.
Phupong V, Suebnukarn K. Obstetric outcomes in nulliparous young adolescents. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2007;38:141-5.
Thato S, Rachukul S, Sopajaree C. Obstetrics and perinatal outcomes of Thai pregnant adolescents: a retrospective study. Int J Nurs Stud 2007;44:1158-64.
Traisrisilp K, Jaiprom J, Luewan S, Tongsong T. Pregnancy outcomes among mothers aged 15 years or less. J Obstet Gynaecol 2015;41:1726-31.
Thaithae S, Thato R. Obstetric and perinatal outcomes of teenage pregnancies in Thailand. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2011;24:342-6.
Kovavisarach E, Chairaj S, Tosang K, Asavapiriyanont S, Chotigeat U. Outcome of teenage pregnancy in Rajavithi Hospital. J Med Assoc Thai 2010;93:1-8.
Isaranurug S, Mo-Suwan L, Choprapawon C. Differences in socio-economic status, service utilization, and pregnancy outcomes between teenage and adult mothers. J Med Assoc Thai 2006;89:145-51.
Ganchimeg T, Ota E, Morisaki N, Laopaiboon M, Lumbiganon P, Zhang J, et al. Pregnancy and childbirth outcomes among adolescent mothers: a world health organization multicounty study. BJOG: an international J Obstet Gynaecol 2014;121 Suppl1:40-8.
Okonofua F. Commentary on 'Maternal and perinatal outcomes among nulliparous adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: A multi-country study'. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2013;120:1630.
Shaw ME, Lawlor DA. Why we measure teenage pregnancy but do not count teenage mothers? Critical Public Health 2007;17:311-6.
Srisaeng P. Self-esteem, stressful life events, social support, and postpartum depression in adolescent mothers in Thailand: Case Western Reserve University (Health Sciences); 2003.
Nelson JA, O'Brien M. Does an unplanned pregnancy have long-term implications for mother-child relationships?. Journal of Family Issues 2012;33:506-26.
Sritakew N. Developing a theoretical perspective about Thai pregnant teenager and their families - a grounded theory nursing study [Thesis]. The University of Newcastle, Australia; 2017.
Whitson ML, Martinez A, Ayala C, Kaufman JS. Predictors of parenting and infant outcomes for impoverished adolescent parents. J Fam Soc Work 2011;14:284-97.
Tangmunkongvorakul A, Bhuttarowas P. Gender and sexual health of adolescent females in northern Thailand. In: Thomas E. Blair, editor. Researching sexuality and sexual health in Southeast Asia and China. 2nded. Yogyakarta, Indonesia: The Southeast Asian consortium on gender, Sexuality and Health; 2004.
Pattanapisalsak C. Obstetric outcomes of teenage pimigravida in Su-Ngai Kolok Hospital, Narathiwat, Thailand. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand 2011;94:139-46.
Pungbangkadee R, Parisunyakul S, Kantaruksa K, Sripichyakarn K, Kools S. Experiences of early motherhood among Thai adolescents: perceiving conflict between needs as a mother and an adolescent. Thai Journal of Nursing Research 2008;12:70-82.
Saim N, Dufåker M, Ghazinour M. Teenagers' experiences of pregnancy and the parents' and partners' reactions: A Malaysian perspective. Journal of Family Violence 2014;29:465-72
Yardley E. Teenage Mothers' Experiences of Stigma. Journal of Youth Studies 2008;11:671-84.
Herrman JW. The voices of teen mothers: the experience of repeat pregnancy. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 2006;31:243-9.
Modungwa N, Poggenpoel M, Gmeiner A. The experience of mothers caring for their teenage daughters' young children. Curationis 2000;23:62-70.
Wahn EH, Nissen E, Ahlberg BM. Becoming and being a teenage mother: how teenage girls in South Western Sweden view their situation. Health Care Women Int 2005;26:591-603.
Hulsey KP. Listening to their voices: A hermeneutic phenomenological study of teen pregnancy: Capella University; 2011.
Anwar E, Stanistreet D. 'It has not ruined my life; it has made my life better': a qualitative investigation of the experiences and future aspirations of young mothers from the North West of England. J Public Health 2015;37:269-76.
Jackson LA, Marentette H, McCleave H. Teenage moms living in Nova Scotia, Canada: an exploration of influences on their decision to become a mother. Int Q Community Health Educ 2000;20:17-38.
Thampanichawat W, Olanratmanee B. Sex education for adolescents in school: A case study in Bangkok. Thai Journal of Nursing Council 2018;33:83-98.
Lloyd SL. Pregnant adolescent reflections of parental communication. J Community Health Nurs 2004;21:239-51.
James S, Van Rooyen D, Strumpher J. Experiences of teenage pregnancy among Xhosa families. Midwifery 2012;28:190-7.
Paskiewicz LS. Pregnant adolescents and their mothers: a shared experience of teen mothering. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 2011;26:33-8.
East PL, Slonim A, Horn EJ, Reyes BT. Effects of adolescent childbearing on Latino siblings: changes in family dynamics and feelings toward the teen mother. Hisp J Behav Sci 2011;33:540-57.
Wang RH, Wang HH, Hsu MT. Factor associated with adolescent pregnancy- a sample of Taiwanese female adolescent. Public Health Nurs 2003;20:33-41.
Cooke J, Owen J. "A place of our own"? Teenage mothers' views on housing needs and support models. Child Soc 2007;21:56-68.
MacLeod A, Weaver S. Are expectant teenage mothers adequately informed?. Br J Midwifery 2002;10:144-7.
Ford K, Hoyer P, Weglicki L, Kershaw T, Schram C, Jacobson M. Effects of a prenatal care intervention on the self-concept and se
Neal S, Matthews Z, Frost M, Fogstad H, Camacho AV, Laski L. Childbearing in adolescents aged 12–15 years in low resource countries: a neglected issue. New estimates from demographic and household surveys in 42 countries. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2555;91:1114–8.
Lamchiek K. “How to prevent unwanted teenage pregnancy?”. Journal of Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Bangkok 2558;3:97-105.
สำนักอนามัยการเจริญพันธ์ กรมอนามัย. สถาณการณ์การอนามัยเจริญพันธ์ในวัยรุ่นและเยาวชน ปี 2560 [อินเตอร์เน็ต]. 2560 [เข้าถึงเมื่อ 2 เม.ย. 2561]. เข้าถึงได้จาก: http://rh.anamai.moph.go.th/ ewt_dl_link.php?nid=86
สำนักงานสนับสนุนการสร้างเสริมสุขภาพ. สร้างทัศนคติใหม่ในการพกถุงยางอนามัย. กรุงเทพฯ: สานักงานสนับสนุนการสร้างเสริมสุขภาพ; 2561.
Narkbubpha R, Kansukcharearn A, Wongwiliyavat B. Circumstance leading to pregnancy and problem solving process of unwanted teenage pregnancy in the phetchaburi province, Thailand. Sociology Study 2013;3:974-84.
Sriprasert I, Chaovisitsaree S, Sribanditmongkhol N, Sunthornlimsiri N, Kietpeerakool C. Unintended pregnancy and associated risk factors among young pregnant women. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 2015;1283:228-31.
Naravage W, Vichit-Vadakan N, Sakulbumrungsil RC, Van Der Putten M. Factors affecting decision making of low-income young women with unplanned pregnancies in Bangkok, Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2005;36:775-82.
Fernando D, Nalika G, Upul S, Chrishantha WM, De Alwis R, Hemantha S, et al. Risk factors for teenage pregnancies in Sri Lanka: perspective of a community based study. Health Science Journal 2013;7:269-84.
Moni SA, Nair MKC, Devi RS. Pregnancy among unmarried adolescents and young adults. J Obstet Gynaecol India 2013;63:49-54.
Mushwana L, Monareng L, Richter S, Muller H. Factors influencing the adolescent pregnancy rate in the Greater Giyani Municipality, Limpopo Province - South Africa. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences 2015;2:10-8.
Yako EM, Yako JM. A descriptive study of the reasons and consequences of pregnancy among single adolescent mothers in Lesotho. Curationis 2007;30:74-81.
Heavey EJ, Moysich KB, Hyland A, Druschel CM, Sill MW. Differences in pregnancy desire among pregnant female adolescents at a state-funded family planning clinic. J Midwifery Womens Health 2008;53:130-7.
Tangmunkongvorakul A, Kane R, Wellings K. Gender double standards in young people attending sexual health services in Northern Thailand. Cult Health Sex 2005;7:361-73.
Cirawattanakul S, Sawancharoun K, Runruangkamonkit S, Arnusonteerakul S, Chongaudomkarn D, Wattanakulkeart S, et al. Prevention of and dealing with teenage pregnancy. Khon Kaen University: Centre for research and training on gender and woman's health; 2011.
Meade CS, Kershaw TS, Ickovics JR. The intergenerational cycle of teenage motherhood: an ecological approach. Health Psychology 2008; 27:419-29.
Konadu Gyesaw NY, Ankomah A. Experiences of pregnancy and motherhood among teenage mothers in a suburb of Accra, GGhana: A qualitative study. Int J Womens Health 2013;5:773-80.
East PL, Reyes BT, Horn EJ. Association between adolescent pregnancy and a family history of teenage births. Perspect Sex Reprod Health 2007;39:108-15.
Chaikoolvatana C, Powwattana A, Lagampan S, Jirapongsuwan A, Bennet T. Development of a school-based pregnancy prevention model for early adolescent female Thais. Pac Rim Int J Nurs Res Thail 2014;17:131-47.
Safeek R. Voluntary female sex work vs. Sex trafficking of women [Internet]. 2560 [cited 2018 Apr 2]. Available from: https://bluedevilbanter.wordpress.com/2556/10/13/voluntary-female-sex-work-vs-sex-trafficking-of-women/
Schaffer MA, Goodhue A, Stennes K, Lanigan C. Evaluation of a public health nurse visiting program for pregnant and parenting teens. [Erratum appears in Public Health Nurs 2012;29:218-31.
Moraros J, Buckingham RW, Bird Y, Prapasiri S, A G-B. Low condom use among adolescent female sex workers in Thailand. J HIV AIDS Soc Serv 2012;11:125-39.
Phupong V, Suebnukarn K. Obstetric outcomes in nulliparous young adolescents. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2007;38:141-5.
Thato S, Rachukul S, Sopajaree C. Obstetrics and perinatal outcomes of Thai pregnant adolescents: a retrospective study. Int J Nurs Stud 2007;44:1158-64.
Traisrisilp K, Jaiprom J, Luewan S, Tongsong T. Pregnancy outcomes among mothers aged 15 years or less. J Obstet Gynaecol 2015;41:1726-31.
Thaithae S, Thato R. Obstetric and perinatal outcomes of teenage pregnancies in Thailand. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2011;24:342-6.
Kovavisarach E, Chairaj S, Tosang K, Asavapiriyanont S, Chotigeat U. Outcome of teenage pregnancy in Rajavithi Hospital. J Med Assoc Thai 2010;93:1-8.
Isaranurug S, Mo-Suwan L, Choprapawon C. Differences in socio-economic status, service utilization, and pregnancy outcomes between teenage and adult mothers. J Med Assoc Thai 2006;89:145-51.
Ganchimeg T, Ota E, Morisaki N, Laopaiboon M, Lumbiganon P, Zhang J, et al. Pregnancy and childbirth outcomes among adolescent mothers: a world health organization multicounty study. BJOG: an international J Obstet Gynaecol 2014;121 Suppl1:40-8.
Okonofua F. Commentary on 'Maternal and perinatal outcomes among nulliparous adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: A multi-country study'. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2013;120:1630.
Shaw ME, Lawlor DA. Why we measure teenage pregnancy but do not count teenage mothers? Critical Public Health 2007;17:311-6.
Srisaeng P. Self-esteem, stressful life events, social support, and postpartum depression in adolescent mothers in Thailand: Case Western Reserve University (Health Sciences); 2003.
Nelson JA, O'Brien M. Does an unplanned pregnancy have long-term implications for mother-child relationships?. Journal of Family Issues 2012;33:506-26.
Sritakew N. Developing a theoretical perspective about Thai pregnant teenager and their families - a grounded theory nursing study [Thesis]. The University of Newcastle, Australia; 2017.
Whitson ML, Martinez A, Ayala C, Kaufman JS. Predictors of parenting and infant outcomes for impoverished adolescent parents. J Fam Soc Work 2011;14:284-97.
Tangmunkongvorakul A, Bhuttarowas P. Gender and sexual health of adolescent females in northern Thailand. In: Thomas E. Blair, editor. Researching sexuality and sexual health in Southeast Asia and China. 2nded. Yogyakarta, Indonesia: The Southeast Asian consortium on gender, Sexuality and Health; 2004.
Pattanapisalsak C. Obstetric outcomes of teenage pimigravida in Su-Ngai Kolok Hospital, Narathiwat, Thailand. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand 2011;94:139-46.
Pungbangkadee R, Parisunyakul S, Kantaruksa K, Sripichyakarn K, Kools S. Experiences of early motherhood among Thai adolescents: perceiving conflict between needs as a mother and an adolescent. Thai Journal of Nursing Research 2008;12:70-82.
Saim N, Dufåker M, Ghazinour M. Teenagers' experiences of pregnancy and the parents' and partners' reactions: A Malaysian perspective. Journal of Family Violence 2014;29:465-72
Yardley E. Teenage Mothers' Experiences of Stigma. Journal of Youth Studies 2008;11:671-84.
Herrman JW. The voices of teen mothers: the experience of repeat pregnancy. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 2006;31:243-9.
Modungwa N, Poggenpoel M, Gmeiner A. The experience of mothers caring for their teenage daughters' young children. Curationis 2000;23:62-70.
Wahn EH, Nissen E, Ahlberg BM. Becoming and being a teenage mother: how teenage girls in South Western Sweden view their situation. Health Care Women Int 2005;26:591-603.
Hulsey KP. Listening to their voices: A hermeneutic phenomenological study of teen pregnancy: Capella University; 2011.
Anwar E, Stanistreet D. 'It has not ruined my life; it has made my life better': a qualitative investigation of the experiences and future aspirations of young mothers from the North West of England. J Public Health 2015;37:269-76.
Jackson LA, Marentette H, McCleave H. Teenage moms living in Nova Scotia, Canada: an exploration of influences on their decision to become a mother. Int Q Community Health Educ 2000;20:17-38.
Thampanichawat W, Olanratmanee B. Sex education for adolescents in school: A case study in Bangkok. Thai Journal of Nursing Council 2018;33:83-98.
Lloyd SL. Pregnant adolescent reflections of parental communication. J Community Health Nurs 2004;21:239-51.
James S, Van Rooyen D, Strumpher J. Experiences of teenage pregnancy among Xhosa families. Midwifery 2012;28:190-7.
Paskiewicz LS. Pregnant adolescents and their mothers: a shared experience of teen mothering. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 2011;26:33-8.
East PL, Slonim A, Horn EJ, Reyes BT. Effects of adolescent childbearing on Latino siblings: changes in family dynamics and feelings toward the teen mother. Hisp J Behav Sci 2011;33:540-57.
Wang RH, Wang HH, Hsu MT. Factor associated with adolescent pregnancy- a sample of Taiwanese female adolescent. Public Health Nurs 2003;20:33-41.
Cooke J, Owen J. "A place of our own"? Teenage mothers' views on housing needs and support models. Child Soc 2007;21:56-68.
MacLeod A, Weaver S. Are expectant teenage mothers adequately informed?. Br J Midwifery 2002;10:144-7.
Ford K, Hoyer P, Weglicki L, Kershaw T, Schram C, Jacobson M. Effects of a prenatal care intervention on the self-concept and se
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2018-12-27
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ศรีทะแก้ว ณ. The Challenging of Teenage Pregnancy in Thailand. J Health Sci BCNSP [Internet]. 2018 Dec. 27 [cited 2023 Jun. 3];2(3):1-18. Available from: https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/bcnsp/article/view/192996
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บทความที่ได้รับการตีพิมพ์เป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของวารสารวิทยาศาสตร์สุขภาพ วิทยาลัยพยาบาลบรมราชชนนี สรรพสิทธิประสงค์ ข้อความที่ปรากฏในบทความแต่ละเรื่องเป็นความคิดเห็นส่วนตัวของผู้เขียนแต่ละท่านไม่เกี่ยวข้องกับวิทยาลัยพยาบาลบรมราชชนนี สรรพสิทธิประสงค์ และคณาจารย์ท่านอื่นๆ ในวิทยาลัยพยาบาลฯ ความรับผิดชอบเกี่ยวกับบทความแต่ละเรื่องผู้เขียนจะรับผิดชอบของตนเอง
