Perceptions and self-protective behaviors against fine particulate matter among Myanmar migrant workers

ผู้แต่ง

  • ศิริวรรณ กันติสินธุ์* สำนักวิชาวิทยาศาสตร์สุขภาพ มหาวิทยาลัยแม่ฟ้าหลวง
  • อิซาเบล กิลเบิร์ตสัน กลุ่มวิจัยเชิงพื้นที่สุขภาพของชุมชนชายขอบ มหาวิทยาลัยแม่ฟ้าหลวง
  • ฐาปกรณ์ เรือนใจ สำนักวิชาวิทยาศาสตร์สุขภาพ มหาวิทยาลัยแม่ฟ้าหลวง
  • ณิชารัศม์ ปัญจโพธิวัฒน์ สำนักวิชาวิทยาศาสตร์สุขภาพ มหาวิทยาลัยแม่ฟ้าหลวง

คำสำคัญ:

แรงงานข้ามชาติชาวเมียนมา, การรับรู้ด้านสุขภาพ, พฤติกรรมการป้องกันตนเอง, ฝุ่นละอองขนาดเล็ก

บทคัดย่อ

Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5) poses significant health risks, including respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and premature mortality. This cross-sectional descriptive correlational study aimed to examine perceptions of PM2.5 exposure and self-protective behaviors among Myanmar migrant workers in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand, using the Health Belief Model as a framework. This study was conducted with 118 Myanmar migrant workers. The research tools consisted of a personal information questionnaire, perceptions of PM2.5 questionnaire comprising four domains-perceived susceptibility to PM2.5 exposure, perceived severity of PM2.5, perceived benefits of self-protective behaviors, and perceived barriers to self-protective behaviors, and self-protective behaviors against PM2.5 questionnaire. The reliability coefficients (Cronbach’s alpha) of the perceptions of PM2.5 and self-protective behaviors against PM2.5 questionnaire were .79 and .81, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. This study indicated high levels of perceived susceptibility (x̄ = 21.53, SD = 3.26), perceived severity (x̄ = 21.14, SD = 3.71), perceived benefits (x̄ = 21.54, SD = 2.99), and perceived barriers to self-protective behaviors (x̄ = 17.18, SD = 2.99). However, self-protective behaviors were at a moderate level ( =3.46, SD=1.28) Additionally, perceived susceptibility was significantly positively correlated with self-protective behavior (rs = 0.281, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that enhancing perceived susceptibility to PM2.5 exposure may improve self-protective behaviors among Myanmar migrant workers.

เอกสารอ้างอิง

Alahmad, B., Al-Hemoud, A., Al-Bouwarthan, M., Khraishah, H., Kamel, M., Akrouf, Q., Wegman, D. H., Bernstein, A. S., & Koutrakis, P. (2023). Extreme heat and work injuries in Kuwait’s hot summers. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 80(6), 347-352. https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2022-108697

Alyafei A, E.-C. R. (2024, May 19). The Health Belief Model of Behavior Change. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK606120/

An, S., Schulz, P. J., & Kang, H. (2023). Perceived COVID-19 susceptibility and preventive behaviors: moderating effects of social support in Italy and South Korea. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 13. https://doi.org/doi:10.3390/ijerph17145108

Aung, T. N. N., Shirayama, Y., Moolphate, S., Lorga, T., Yuasa, M., & Nyein Aung, M. (2020). Acculturation and its effects on health risk behaviors among Myanmar migrant workers: A cross-sectional survey in Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(14), 5108. https://doi.org/doi:10.3390/ijerph17145108

Chen, J., Lin, W., Haiying, W., Heechan, K., Moon-Hyon, H., & Lee, D. G. (2023). Influences of PM2.5 pollution on the public’s negative emotions, risk perceptions, and coping behaviors: a cross-national study in China and Korea. Journal of Risk Research, 26(4), 367–379. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2022.2162106

Chen, Q., Zhang, J., Xu, Y., Sun, H., & Ding, Z. (2020). Associations between individual perceptions of PM2.5 pollution and pulmonary function in Chinese middle-aged and elderly residents. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 899. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08713-6

Chiang Rai Provincial Employment Office. (2022). Statistical report on migrant workers employed in Chiang Rai Province. https://www.doe.go.th/prd/chiangrai (in Thai)

Cori, L., Donzelli, G., Gorini, F., Bianchi, F., & Curzio, O. (2020). Risk perception of air pollution: A systematic review focused on particulate matter exposure. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(17), 6424. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176424

Hermayurisca, F., & Taneepanichskul, N. (2023). Estimation of premature death attributed to short- and long-term PM2.5 exposure in Thailand. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 195(10), 1176. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11807-4

Jones, C. L., Jensen, J. D., Scherr, C. L., Brown, N. R., Christy, K., & Weaver, J. (2015). The health belief model as an explanatory framework in communication research: exploring parallel, serial, and moderated mediation. Health Communication, 30(6), 566-576. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2013.873363

Kan, H. (2022). World Health Organization air quality guidelines 2021: implication for air pollution control and climate goal in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 135(5), 513-515. https://doi.org/10.1097/cm9.0000000000002014

Kim, J., & Kim, Y. (2021). What predicts Korean citizens' mask-wearing behaviors? health beliefs and protective behaviors against particulate matter. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 18(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062791

Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607-610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308

Luangwilai, T., Kunno, J., Manomaipiboon, B., Ruamtawee, W., & Ong-Artborirak, P. (2025). Risk perception and self-monitoring of particulate matter2.5 (PM2.5) associated with anxiety among general population in Urban Thailand. Urban Science, 9(7), 256. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci9070256

Mueller, W., Vardoulakis, S., Steinle, S., Loh, M., Johnston, H. J., Precha, N., Kliengchuay, W., Sahanavin, N., Nakhapakorn, K., Sillaparassamee, R., Tantrakarnapa, K., & Cherrie, J. W. (2021). A health impact assessment of long-term exposure to particulate air pollution in Thailand. Environmental Research Letters, 16(5), 055018. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abe3ba

Park, J., Park, Y., Yoo, J., Gong, Y., & Yu, J. (2022). Can the perceived risk of particulate matter change people's desires and behavior intentions? Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 1035174. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1035174

Pollution Control Department. (2024). Regional air quality and situation reports. http://air4thai.pcd.go.th/webV3/#/History

Rosenstock, I. M., Strecher, V. J., & Becker, M. H. (1988). Social Learning Theory and the Health Belief Model. Health Education Quarterly, 15(2), 175-183. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019818801500203

Short, S. E., & Mollborn, S. (2015). Social determinants and health behaviors: conceptual frames and empirical advances. Curr Opin Psychol, 5, 78-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.05.002

Sirijaroonwong, U., Phungkat, Y., Bumprom, P., Thonhkhaimook, B., & Sangsiriwut, N. (2022). Perception and preventive behavior towards particulate matter among personnel: A case study of an organization in Bangkok. Journal of Health Sciences and Wellness, 26(1), 98-107. (in Thai)

Supasri, T., Gheewala, S. H., Macatangay, R., Chakpor, A., & Sedpho, S. (2023). Association between ambient air particulate matter and human health impacts in northern Thailand. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 12753. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39930-9

Tharaphy, & Chapman, R. S. (2018). The effects of household air pollution due to burning of mosquito coils on respiratory problems in Myanmar Migrants in Mae Sot District, Tak Province, Thailand. Journal of Health Research, 24(Suppl. 2), 185-190.

Uttajug, A., Ueda, K., Honda, A., & Takano, H. (2022). Estimation of hospital visits for respiratory diseases attributable to PM10 from vegetation fire smoke and health impacts of regulatory intervention in Upper Northern Thailand. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 18515. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23388-2

World Health Organization. (2024, Oct 24). Ambient (outdoor) air pollution. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ambient-(outdoor)-air-quality-and-health

Yang, Z., Mahendran, R., Yu, P., Xu, R., Yu, W., Godellawattage, S., Li, S. & Guo, Y. (2022). Health effects of long-term exposure to ambient PM2. 5 in Asia-Pacific: a systematic review of cohort studies. Current Environmental Health Reports, 9(2), 130-151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40572-022-00344-w

ดาวน์โหลด

เผยแพร่แล้ว

26.12.2025

รูปแบบการอ้างอิง

กันติสินธุ์* ศ., กิลเบิร์ตสัน อ., เรือนใจ ฐ., & ปัญจโพธิวัฒน์ ณ. (2025). Perceptions and self-protective behaviors against fine particulate matter among Myanmar migrant workers. วารสารวิจัยการพยาบาลและสุขภาพ, 26(3), e280454. สืบค้น จาก https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/bcnpy/article/view/280454

ฉบับ

ปีที่ 26 ฉบับที่ 3 (2025): กันยายน-ธันวาคม 2568

ประเภทบทความ

บทความวิจัย(Research Articles)

สัญญาอนุญาต

ลิขสิทธิ์ (c) 2025 วารสารวิจัยการพยาบาลและสุขภาพ

Creative Commons License

อนุญาตภายใต้เงื่อนไข Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.