The Relationship Between High Blood Pressure and the Occurrence of Aortic Aneurysm Rupture; Case control study in Saraburi hospital.
Abstract
Introduction Aortic dissection is a medical emergency condition with a high mortality rate if left untreated. Among patients with aortic dissection, a major risk factor is high blood pressure, which can be managed. By controlling high blood pressure, the incidence of aortic dissection can be reduced.
Objectives The research conducted at Saraburi Hospital aims to study the correlation between high blood pressure levels and the occurrence of aortic dissection when compared to individuals with hypertension possessing similar baseline characteristics.
Method A matched case-control study was conducted to investigate patients admitted to Saraburi Hospital’s emergency room due to aortic dissection between January 2011 and December 2020. The research compared blood pressure data among hypertensive patients in Saraburi Hospital’s hypertension clinic during the same period. These patients were paired with a control group based on baseline characteristics, such as gender, age range, blood pressure records from 5 years before aortic dissection diagnosis, smoking habit, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, stroke, coronary heart disease, and regular medications.
Result In total, 175 patients participated in the study, divided into two groups: 35 patients with aortic dissection and 140 individuals in the control group. The findings revealed that the blood pressure levels of the aortic dissection group on the day of diagnosis were significantly higher than those of the control group [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.08, p-value < 0.010]. When comparing blood pressure levels on the day of diagnosis between the case group and the control group, it was statistically significant that the case group had a significantly higher diagnosis of hypertensive emergencies than the control group. [Odd ratio (OR): 49.16, 95%CI: 6.95-347.18, p-value < 0.010])
Conclusion Management of elevated blood pressure levels and hypertensive emergencies, particularly the reduction of systolic blood pressure, can help reduce the occurrence of aortic dissection at the Saraburi hospital.
Keywords Aortic dissection, Hypertension, Controlling high blood pressure, Blood pressure category, Hypertensive crisis
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