The Effect of a Pre-procedural Information Program on Anxiety and Complications in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization

Abstract

This quasi-experimental research, employing a two-group pretest–posttest design, aimed to examine the effects of an educational program on anxiety levels and the incidence of hematoma within 24 hours after cardiac catheter sheath removal. The sample consisted of patients with ischemic heart disease diagnosed by cardiologists at Banphaeo Hospital (Public Organization). Participants were selected through purposive sampling based on predetermined criteria and assigned to either the control group or the experimental group, with 15 participants in each group. Data collection was conducted from February to April 2025. The experimental group received a structured educational program developed according to the self-control theory, providing systematic health information through pamphlets and animated video materials. The control group received conventional education consistent with routine nursing care. Research instruments included a general information questionnaire, an anxiety assessment form, and a hematoma recording form. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent t-tests. The findings indicated that, after the intervention, the group receiving the educational program demonstrated significantly lower pre-catheterization anxiety levels compared to the group receiving routine care (t₍28₎ = 6.70, p < .001). No hematoma was observed among participants in this study, accounting for 100%. The results suggest that the educational program can be effectively applied by nursing personnel to reduce patient anxiety prior to cardiac catheterization and to minimize the risk of complications within 24 hours following sheath removal.