Effects of Self-management Program on Self-management Behaviors and A1C level Among Type 2 Diabetes with Diabetic Retinopathy
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Abstract
This quasi-experimental research with two groups pretest-posttest design aimed to study the effects of self-management program on self-management behaviors and A1C level among type 2 diabetes with diabetic retinopathy who received treatment at the Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital, Khiri Mat District, Sukhothai Province. The sample was diabetes patients with diabetic retinopathy from mild to moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Sixty samples were selected using purposive random sampling and divided into experimental and control group by matched pair. The experimental group received a self-management program, consisted of 6 step: goal setting, data collection, data processing and evaluation, decision making, action and self- reflection for a period of 12 weeks, while the control group received routine care. Research collecting instruments consisted of 1) self-management behaviors questionnaire, the questionnaire was tested which its reliability of Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.96. The data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics including number, percentage, mean and standard deviation and the reference statistics were paired t-test and independent t-test.The results of the study found that the self-management behaviors score and total self-management behaviors after intervention of experimental group were significantly higher than those before intervention at .001 level. And the A1C level after intervention of experimental group was significantly lower than that before intervention at .001 level. Moreover, the average score of self-management behaviors and total self-management behaviors after intervention of experimental group was significantly higher than those of the control group at .001 level. And the A1C level after intervention of experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group at .001 level. In conclusion, self-management program should be implemented in type 2 diabetes in order to adjust self-management behaviors and reduced the A1C level, which may reduce the severity of diabetic retinopathy.
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