Classification of Gingival Phenotype in A Group of Thais by Cluster Analysis

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Natwara Markarakul
Penpan Laohapand
Kanyawat Rattanasuwan

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to classify various forms of gingival phenotype based on the dimensions of maxillary central incisors and the surrounding gingival tissues in a sample of 100 periodontally healthy Thais (mean age 24.33±3.14 years). Four clinical variables were used in hierarchical cluster analysis: crown width/crown length ratio (CW/CL), gingival width (GW), papilla height (PH) and gingival thickness (GT) score. The latter was assessed by periodontal probe visibility through the sulcus wall. Three clusters with specific features were identified. Cluster 1 (34 males, 37 females) displayed a slender tooth form (CW/CL = 0.71), a GW of 4.92 mm, a PH of 4.40 mm, and a thin gingiva (Probe visible on one or both incisors) in 66.2% of the subjects. These parameters were significant difference from cluster 3 (7 males, 3 females) which displayed a quadratic tooth form (CW/CL = 0.84), a GW of 7.50 mm, a PH of 3.37 mm, and a thick gingiva (Probe concealed on both incisors) in 80.0% of the subjects. Cluster 2 (9 males, 10 females) presented mixed features between cluster 1 and cluster 3. These subjects showed a quadratic tooth form (CW/CL = 0.83), a narrow zone of gingival (GW = 4.61 mm), low papillae (PH = 3.53 mm) and thin gingiva in 73.7 % of the subjects. In conclusion, this analysis demonstrated two extreme gingival phenotypes, a narrow, thin and highly scalloped gingiva with slender teeth on the one hand (the most prevalent group, 71% of the subjects) and a wide, thick and flat scalloped gingiva with quadratic teeth on the other (10% of the subjects). For the remaining group (19% of the subjects), it was recognized with a narrow, thin, but flat gingiva and quadratic teeth.

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How to Cite
1.
Markarakul N, Laohapand P, Rattanasuwan K. Classification of Gingival Phenotype in A Group of Thais by Cluster Analysis. Khon Kaen Dent J [Internet]. 2022 Mar. 16 [cited 2024 Mar. 29];25(1):33-41. Available from: https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/KDJ/article/view/247336
Section
Research Articles
Author Biographies

Natwara Markarakul, Dental Department, Laemchabang, Chonburi

ทพญ. ณัฐวรา มัคครากุล

สถานที่ติดต่อ: กลุ่มงานทันตกรรม โรงพยาบาลแหลมฉบัง

                      เลขที่ 188/36 หมู่ที่ 6 ตำบลทุ่งสุขลา อำเภอศรีราชา จังหวัดชลบุรี 20230 ประเทศไทย

โทรศัพท์ 038-351-010

Penpan Laohapand , Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University

รศ.ทพญ. เพ็ญพรรณ เลาหพันธ์

สถานที่ติดต่อ: ภาควิชาเวชศาสตร์ช่องปากและปริทันตวิทยา คณะทันตแพทยศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล

                        เลขที่ 6 ถนนโยธี เขตราชเทวี กรุงเทพฯ 10400 ประเทศไทย

โทรศัพท์ 02-200-7841-2, 081-701-2202

โทรสาร: 02-200-7840

Kanyawat Rattanasuwan, Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University

ผศ. ทพญ.กันยวัชร์ รัตนสุวรรณ

สถานที่ติดต่อ: ภาควิชาเวชศาสตร์ช่องปากและปริทันตวิทยา คณะทันตแพทยศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล

                        เลขที่ 6 ถนนโยธี เขตราชเทวี กรุงเทพฯ 10400 ประเทศไทย

โทรศัพท์ 02-200-7841-2, 081-701-2202

โทรสาร: 02-200-7840

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