THE EFFECTS OF MIXED RUSIE DUTTON AND YOGA EXERCISE PROGRAM FOR ENHANCING EXECUTIVE FUNCTION IN EARLY ADULT: AN ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY STUDY
Keywords:
Mixed Rusie Dutton and yoga exercise, Executive functionAbstract
The purpose of this research was to study the effect of a mixed Rusie Dutton and yoga exercise program on increasing executive functioning in early adults. A sample was recruited from Thai traditional medicine students, Sirindhorn College of public health, Chonburi province. Forty students (age 20-25 years)were randomly assigned to experimental (n=20) and control groups (n=20). The research instruments were the Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) on the computer screen and a mixed Rusie Dutton and yoga exercise program. The experimental group was training program about 77 minutes per time and 3 time per week for 8 weeks. Brain waves were measured during testing activitie. The data were analysed by using frequency, mean,standard deviation and t-test.The results revealed that: 1) after program participation, the Upper alpha ERD% had significantly increased in the experimental group in comparison to pretest results at F3, F4, F8, FP2, P4 (p < .05, p < .01, p <.05, p <.05, p < .05 respectively); 2) before participating in the program, the experimental group had not difference in the Upper alpha ERD% compared with the control group and 3) after participating in the program,the experimental group showed an increase in the Upper alpha ERD% compared with the control group at F3,F4, FP2, P4 (p < .05, p < .01, p <.05, p < .05 respectively). This study indicated that a mixed Rusie Dutton and yoga exercise program can increase executive functioning and can be used as an alternative method of developing executive function in early adults.
(Journal of Sports Science and Technology 2019; 19(2): 82-94
(Received: 2 August 2019, Revised: 14 November 2019, Accepted: 27 November 2019)
Keywords: Mixed Rusie Dutton and yoga exercise, Executive function
*Corresponding author: Nirut PHUENGPHOL
Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Sirindhorn College of Public Health Chonburi,
Mueang Chonburi, Chonburi 20000
Email: Phuengphol@gmail.com
References
2. Diamond A. Executive functions. Annu Rev Psychol. 2013;64:135-68.
3. Miyake A, Friedman NP, Emerson MJ, Witzki AH, Howerter A, Wager TD. The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex “frontal lobe” tasks: A latent variable analysis. Cogn Psychol. 2000;41:49-100.
4. Diamond A. The early development of executive functions. In: Bialystok E, Craik F, editors.Lifespan Cognition: Mechanisms of Change. New York: Oxford University Press; 2006. p. 70.
5. Center on the Developing Child. InBrief: Executive Function [Internet]. Massachusetts: Center on the Developing Child Online [updated 2018 January 20; cited 2018 April 3]. Available from:https://developingchild.harvard.edu/resources/inbrief-executive-function/.
6. Diamond A, Lee K. Interventions and programs demonstrated to aid executive function development in children 4-12 years of age. Sci. 2011;333:959-64.
7. Zuk J, Benjamin C, Kenyon A, Gaab N. Correction: Behavioral and Neural Correlates of Executive Functioning in Musicians and Non-Musicians. PLoS One. 2015;10(9):1-14.
8. Thorell LB, Lindqvist S, Bergman N, Bohlin G, Klingberg T. Training and transfer effects of executive functions in preschool children. Dev Sci. 2009;12:106-13.
9. Quach D, Mano KEJ, Alexander K. A Randomized Controlled Trial Examining the Effect of Mindfulness Meditation on Working Memory Capacity in Adolescents. J Adolesc Health.2016;58:489-96.
10. Lakes KD, Hoyt WT. Promoting self-regulation through school-based martial arts training. Appl Dev Psychol. 2004;25:283-302.
11. Leungratanamart L, Chadcham S. Effects of treadmill exercise on executive function in early adult:An event-related potential study. Res Methodol Cogn Sci. 2013;10(2):17-34.
12. Colcombe SJ, Kramer AF, McAuley E, Erickson KI, Scalf P. Neurocognitive aging and cardiovascular fitness: recent findings and future directions. J Mol Neurosci. 2004;24(1):9-14.
13. Phuengphol N. The handbook of mixed Rusie Dutton and yoga exercise program [Internet]. 2018.[cited 2018 May 10]. Available from: https://drive.google.com/open?id=1aihHLVP3gTUrgXntz3Ev-LB33d6z70V.
14. Department of Thai traditional and alternative medicine. The elderly care with Thai traditional medicine and integrated medicine guideline. Bangkok: Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University; 2017.
15. Luu K, Hall PA. Hatha yoga and executive function: a systematic review. J Altern Complement Med. 2016;22(2):125-33.
16. Wattanathorn J, Boonterm T, Thukhummee W, Muchimapura S, Wannanon P, Kaewbutra S,Chinnabut W, Chaisiwamongol K, Kaewkaen P. Evaluation of Thai style stretching exercise on“Ruesi Dud Ton” on phtsical health and oxidative stress in healthy volunteer. Online J Biol Sci.2012;12(4):134-141.
17. Phuangphae A, Khaothin J, Ruanthai R. Effects of ascetic exercise on health related physical fitness in female students of Sukhothai business school. J Sport Sci Tech. 2010;10(1):163-182.
18. Purohit SP, Pradhan B. (2017). Effect of yoga program on executive functions of adolescents dwelling in an orphan home: A randomized controlled study. J Tradit Complement Med. 2017;7:99-105.
19. Gothe NP, Keswani RK, McAuley E. Yoga practice improves executive function by attenuating stress levels. Biol Psychol. 2016;121:109-116.
20. Kongs SK, Thompson LL, Iverson GL, Heaton RK. Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-64 Card Version Professional Manual. N Florida Ave: Psychological Assessment Resources; 2000.
21. Klimesch W, Sauseng P, Hanslmayr S. (2007). EEG alpha oscillations: The inhibition–timing hypothesis. Brain Res Rev. 2007;53(1):63-88.
22. Goldstein EB. Cognitive Psychology Connecting Mind, Research, and Everyday Experience.California: Thomson Wadsworth; 2008.
23. World Health Organization. Global recommendations on physical activity for health [Internet].World Health Organization Online [updated 2017 November 1; cited 2018 April 25]. Available from:https://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/factsheet_adults/en
24. McMillan JH, Schumacher S. Research in Education Evidence-Based Inquiry. 7th ed. New Jersey:Pearson Education; 2010.
25. Kabdebon C, Leroy F, Simmonet H, Perrot M, Dubois J, Dehaene-Lambertz G. Anatomical correlations of the international 10-20 sensor placement system in infants. Neuroimage. 2014;99:342-56.
26. Takeuchi H, Taki Y, Sassa Y, Hashizume H, Sekiguchi A, Fukushima A, et al. Brain structures associated with executive functions during everyday events in a non-clinical sample. Brain Struct Funct. 2013;218:1017-32.
27. Zakzanis KK, Mraz R, Graham SJ. An fMRI study of the Trail Making Test. Neuropsychologia.2005;43(13):1878-86.
28. Pfurtscheller G, Lopes da Silva FH. Event-related EEG/EMG synchronization and desynchronization: basic principles. Clin Neurophysiol. 1999;110:1842-57.
29. Saggar M, King BG, Zanesco AP, Maclean KA, Aichele SR, Jacobs TL, et al. Intensive training induces longitudinal changes in meditation state-related EEG oscillatory activity. Front Hum Neurosci. 2012;6(256):1-14.
30. Kitthawee N, Woraphongpichet P, Sirikun S. Yoga therapy for chronic diseases. Bangkok:Sukhumvit Media marketing; 2008.
31. Gallant SN. Mindfulness meditation practice and executive functioning: Breaking down the benefit.Conscious Cogn. 2016;40:116-30.
32. Ruscheweyh R, Willemer C, Kruger K, Warnecke T, Sommer J, Volker KM, et al. Physical activity and memory function: An Intervention study. Neurobiol Aging. 2011;16:1304-19.
33. Colcombe SJ, Erickson KI, Scalf PE, Kim JS, Prakash R, McAuley E, et al. Aerobic exercise training increases brain volume in ageing humans. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2006;61(11):1166-70.
34. Knaepen K, Goekint M, Heyman EM, Meeusen R. Neuroplasticity exercise-induced response of peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor: a systematic review of experimental studies in human subjects. Sports Med. 010;40:765-801.
35. Ganpat TS, Nagendra HR, Selvi V. Efficacy of yoga for mental performance in university students.Indian J. Psychiatry. 2013;55(4):349-52.
