EFFECT OF HIGH INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING IN DEEP WATER AND TREADMILL ON MAXIMAL OXYGEN CONSUMPTION IN TEAM ATHLETE
Keywords:
High Intensity Interval Training, Deep water runningAbstract
The purpose of this research were to examine and compare the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) in deep water and treadmill on maximum oxygen consumption (V̇O2max), body weight, body fat, muscle mass and perceived pain in team athletes. The participants included twenty seven male team athletes, from the Faculty of Sports Science, at Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen campus, age range 1 8 - 22 years. The athletes were divided into three groups with nine subjects in each group. The first group performed HIIT on the treadmill, the second group performed HIIT in deep water running and the third group performed normal daily activity as the control group. The HIIT program included practicing 4x4 min interval training 3 days per week, for 8 weeks. Analyses included pre and post test differences within group using Paired t-test. ANOVA was used to test between groups and follow by using Turkey’s test. Perceived pain between HIIT on treadmill and HIIT in deep water running was compared using an independent t-test with level of significance .05.
The results showed that the V̇O2max, body weight, body fat, and muscle mass of HIIT on treadmill, the HIIT in deep water and control group after 8 weeks of training were no significant difference at the 0.05 level.However, after 8 weeks of training, significant differences existed in the HIIT in deep water group in V̇O2max between pre 40.9 ± 4.5 ml/kg/min and post test 43.2 ± 4.9 ml/kg/min (p<0.05). Also, differences were found in perceived pain between HIIT on treadmill (5.99±0.34) and HIIT in deep water running (2.86±1.02) (p<0.05).
In conclusion, there were no difference between both running programs after 8 weeks of training.However, the V̇O2max of HIIT in deep water increased after 8 weeks training and the HIIT in deep water had a lesser effect on acute of perceived pain during the training.
(Journal of Sports Science and Technology 2019; 19(2): 8-19)
(Received: 17 April 2019, Revised: 2 July 2019, Accepted: 8 July 2019)
Keywords: High intensity interval training/ Deep water running
*Corresponding author: Ratree RUANGTHAI
Department of Sports Science and Health, Faculty of Sports Science
Kasetsart University, Kampheangsean Campus NaKhon Pathom, THAILAND 73140
E-mail: ratree.r@ku.th
References
Med. 2005;35(6):501-536.
2. Vargas A C, Romeo J C J, Kuisma, R. Maximum and Resting Heart Rate in Treadmill and Deep
Water Running in Male International Volleyball Players. Int J Aquat Res Edu. 2009;3:398-405.
3. Helgerud J, Engen LC, Wisloff U and Hoff J. Aerobic endurance training improves soccer
performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006;33(11):1925-1931.
4. Clark MA, Scott CL and Brain GS. NASM Essentials of Personal Fitness Training. 4th edition.
Baltimore: SPi Global; 2012.
5. Chusak V and Kanya P. Exercise of Physiology. BKK:Temparutkarnpim;2528
6. Helgerud J, Engen LC, Wisloff U and Hoff J. Aerobic endurance training improves soccer
performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006;33(11):1925-1931.
7. Wilber, R.L., R.J. Moffatt and B.E. Scott. Influence of Water Run Training on the Maintenance of
Aerobic Performance. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise. 1996;28:1056 – 1062.
8. Bushman, B.A., M.G. Flynn, F.F. Andres, C.P. Cambert and M.S. Taylor. Effect of 4 Week of Deep
Water Run Training on Running Performance. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 1997;29: 694 – 703.
9. Lane K and Wenger H A. Effect of selected recovery conditions on performance of repeated
bouts of intermittent cycling separated by 24 hours. J Strength Cond Res. 2004;18(4):855-860.
10.Takahashi J, Ishihara K and Aoki J. Effect of aqua exercise on recovery of lower limb muscles
after downhill running. J Sports Sci Med. 2006;24(8):835-842.
11.Lees A. The role of athlete response tests in the biomechanical evaluation of running shoes.
Ergonomics. 1988;31:1673-1681.
12. Baumgartner, T.A. and A.S. Jackson. 1999. Measurement for Evaluation in Physical
Education and Exercise Science. McGraw-Hill, New York.
13. Broman G, Miguel Q, Thomas L, Eva J and Kaijser L. High intensity deep water training can
improve aerobic power in elderly women. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2006; 98(2):117-123.
14. Dowzer CN, RT, CNT and N A. Maximal physiological responses to deep and shallow water
running. Egonomics. 1999;42: 275-281.
15. Park KS, Choi LJ and Park YS. Cardiovascular regulation during water immersion. Appl Human
Sci. 1999;18(6): 233-241.
16. Coyle EF. Integration of the physiological factors determining endurance performance
ability. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 1995;23:25-63.
17. Bangsbo J, Marcello FL and Krustrup P. The Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test. Sports Med.
2008;38(1): 37-51.
18. Micheal AC, Scott CL. NASM Essentials of Sports Performance Training Cardiorespiratory
Training for Performance Enhancement. Baltimore: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;
2010.
19. Pasetti SR, Goncalves A and Padovani CR. Continuous Training Versus Interval Training in Deep
Water Running:Health Effects for Obese Women. Rev Andal Med Deporte. 2012;5(1): 3-7.
20. Apiluk T. Weigh Training. BKK: Kasetsart university; 2009.
21. Aquatic Exercise Association. 2010. Aquatic Fitness Professional Manual, 6th Edition,
Human Kinetics, Illinois
22. Apiluk T. The Effects of Deep Water Running after Plyometric Training: Response and Adaptation
of Indirect Symptoms of Muscle Damage. (Thesis) Kasetsart University. 2012.
23. Garner R, Wagner D, Bressel E and Dolny DG. Land Versus Water Treadmill Running: Lactate
Threshold. Int J Aquat Res Edu. 2014;8: 9-19.
