Effectiveness of a Sustainable Self-Care Promotion Program via Telenursing for Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Stent Placement
Keywords:
Coronary Artery Disease, Stent Placement, Telenursing, Health Literacy, Secondary PreventionAbstract
Background: Patients with coronary artery disease who have undergone coronary stent implantation are at risk of in-stent restenosis. Therefore, promoting health literacy and restenosis prevention behaviors for coronary restenosis through telenursing is important.
Objective: To examine the effectiveness of a sustainable self-care program via telenursing and to compare mean scores of health literacy and behaviors for preventing coronary restenosis.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted among 54 patients with coronary artery disease who had undergone coronary stent implantation, aged 30–69 years. Participants were selected using multistage random sampling and assigned to an experimental group and a comparison group, with 27 participants in each group. The experimental group received a 9-week sustainable self-care program, while the comparison group received usual nursing care. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, repeated measures analysis of variance, and t-test.
Results: After the intervention, the mean scores of health literacy and behaviors for preventing coronary restenosis in the experimental group (Mean = 109.96, SD = 5.90 and Mean = 75.60, SD = 4.91, respectively) were higher than before the intervention (Mean = 68.89, SD = 14.20 and Mean = 44.74, SD = 7.52, respectively) and higher than those of the comparison group (Mean = 67.52, SD = 7.62 and Mean = 43.85, SD = 5.06, respectively; p < .05). In addition, the interaction effect between group and time significantly affected the mean health literacy score (F = 60.53, p < .001, Partial η2 = 0.54) and the mean score of behaviors for preventing coronary restenosis (F = 112.94, p < .001, Partial η2= 0.69).
Conclusion: The sustainable self-care program via telenursing enhanced health literacy and behaviors for preventing coronary restenosis. The program can be integrated into standard nursing care to support secondary prevention of coronary restenosis.
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