The Effectiveness of Mindfulness Meditation in Relieving Chronic Pain in Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Abstract
Chronic pain is a common problem that affects older populations. It is a common condition that does not completely respond to medical treatment. Consequently, in recent years many alternative treatments have been suggested. Among them, mindfulness meditation is receiving growing attention. The purpose of this paper is to review studies that has determined whether mindfulness mediation can relieve chronic pain in older adults. The PRISMA model guided a systematic literature search method. A literature search was undertaken using MEDLINE, CINAHL, Ovid, and ProQuest. The search terms were “mindfulness meditation,” “mindfulness-based intervention,” “meditation,” “chronic pain,” “arthritis,” “older,” and “aged or elderly.” The search included articles written in English published during the period of 2003 thru 2018.
This systematic literature review search yielded 35 articles through an electronic database search effort. Nineteen articles were evaluated for relevancy after removing duplicates. Three studies were then selected for the present review. Two articles were randomized control trials, and only one article was a pretest-posttest experimental study. All reviewed studies showed that mindfulness meditation interventions led to improvement in pain acceptance, physical functioning, quality of life and well-being in patients with chronic pain. There is not yet sufficient evidence to show that mindfulness meditation techniques are more effective than other non-specific interventions. More research is needed to investigate mindfulness meditation interventions in longer follow ups.
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