Effects of a self-efficacy and self-management enhancing program on health behaviors and blood pressure levels of elderly people with hypertension in Mae Yen Sub-district, Phan District, Chiang Rai Province
Keywords:
Elderly, Self-efficacy and self-management, Enhancing program, Health behavior, Blood pressureAbstract
This quasi-experimental research aimed to investigate the effects of a self-efficacy and self-management enhancing program on health behaviors and blood pressure levels among elderly with high blood pressure in
Mae Yen Sub-district. The total sample size was 60 people, divided equally into an experimental group and a control group, with 30 individuals per group. The experimental group received a program promoting self-efficacy and self-management, along with regular medical treatment, for 8 weeks, while the control group received a regular medical treatment. The research tools included personal information questionnaires, assessments of healthy eating behaviors, exercise habits, stress management techniques, alcohol consumption, smoking habits, blood pressure levels, and a program to promote self-efficacy and self management for elderly with high blood pressure. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, including Independent t-test and Paired t-test, with a statistical significance level set at 0.05.
The results showed that, after the experiment, the experimental group had higher average score for healthy eating behaviors, exercise habits, stress management techniques, and lower levels of alcohol consumption and smoking compared to the control group, with statistically significant differences (p-value < 0.001). The mean blood pressure level of the experimental group was lower than before the experiment and lower than that of the control group, with statistically significant differences (p-value < 0.001). These findings suggest that the self-efficacy and self-management enhancing program can be used to encourage elderly with hypertension, to adjust their behaviors, and control their blood pressure levels.
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