ปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับพฤติกรรมการป้องกันโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนา 2019 ของผู้ป่วยโรคเบาหวาน ตำบลแม่พูล อำเภอลับแล จังหวัดอุตรดิตถ์

Nopparat Wongrob; Sane Saengngoen

Authors

Nopparat Wongrob Student in Master of Public Health Program, Faculty of Public Health, Naresuan University
Sane Saengngoen Assistant Professor, Faculty of Public Health, Naresuan University

Keywords:

Health Belief Model, Behavior, Diabetes mellitus, Coronavirus disease 2019

Abstract

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the factors associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention behaviors among diabetic patients within the service area of Mae Phul Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital, Laplae District, Uttaradit Province. A total of 262 participants were selected using systematic random sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires covering personal information, knowledge about COVID-19 prevention, health beliefs, and COVID-19 prevention behaviors. The content validity index ranged from 0.86 to 0.93, and reliability coefficients ranged from 0.75 to 0.86. Descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis.
The results showed that participants had a moderate level of knowledge regarding COVID-19 prevention. Perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived self-efficacy, and cues to action were at a high level, while perceived barriers were at a moderate level. COVID-19 prevention behaviors were at a high level. Factors significantly associated with COVID-19 prevention behaviors included perceived benefits of prevention (Beta = 0.433, p-value < 0.001), being a farmer (Beta = 0.165, p-value = 0.001), and perceived susceptibility (Beta = 0.045, p-value = 0.004). Therefore, promoting the perceived benefits of prevention measures such as mask-wearing, handwashing, social distancing, and vaccination should be emphasized among diabetic patients in health care settings. Additionally, enhancing risk perception through collaboration between local business owners and local organizations to implement COVID-19 prevention measures for agricultural workers, focusing on markets and social events, and supporting protective equipment provision is recommended. Risk reminders regarding COVID-19 should also be encouraged.

References

Becker, M. H. (1974). The health belief model and personal health behavior. Health Education Monographs, 2(4), 354-385.

Best, J. W. (1977). Research in education. (3rd ed.). Engle Clift, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Bloom, B. S. (1975). Human characteristics and school learning. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Boonthan, W., Waikhit, P., Soisaeng, W., Soinak, C., Akkaratanaphon, P., & Khompayak, J. (2020). Factors influencing health promotion behaviors for the prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) among the elderly. Royal Thai Police Nursing Journal, 12(2), 323-337. (in Thai)

Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control. (2024). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation in Thailand (as of July 15, 2024). Retrieved November 11, 2024, from https://ddc.moph.go.th/uploads/ckeditor2/files/สถานการณ์โควดิ _15072567.pdf (in Thai)

Chantasri, A., & Khensila, U. (2022). The relationship between health beliefs and COVID-19 preventive behaviors among the elderly in the community. Kuakarun Journal of Nursing, 29(1), 1-12. (inThai)

Department of Disease Control. (2023). Guidelines for the prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) for the general public and at-risk groups. Retrieved August 12, 2024, from https://ddc.moph.go.th/viralpneumonia/int_protection.php. (in Thai)

Kantijit, P., Phromwong, W., Kaewmanee, C., & Charoennukul, A. (2021). Health belief model in the prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) among people in Ubon Ratchathani Province. Journal of Health Science, Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Sapphasitthiprasong, 5(2), 39-53. (in Thai)

Kaewsuksai, R., Khongkhun, P., Thongkhup, B., Sama-ae, L., & Bunnarakorn, S. (2021). Relationship between knowledge and perception and the new normal lifestyle behaviors for COVID-19 prevention among people in Narathiwat Province. Southern College Network Journal of Nursing and Public Health, 8(2), 67-79. (in Thai)

Laplae District Public Health Office. (2023). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation report, Laplae District. Laplae District: Laplae District Public Health Office, Uttaradit Province. (in Thai)

Limsringam, P., Sasithanakornkaew, S., & Apisupachok, W. (2021). Perception of COVID-19 information through social media, attitudes, and preventive behaviors in Bangkok. Mahachula Nakhon Ratchasima Journal, 8(9), 18-33. (in Thai)

Maepoon Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital. (2022). Diabetes patient data in 2022 of Maepoon Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital (Laplae District, Uttaradit Province). Retrieved July 22, 2023, from https://hdc.moph.go.th/utt/public/main (in Thai)

Mehanna, A., Elhadi, Y. A. M., & Lucero-Prisno, D. E. III. (2021). Public willingness to adhere to COVID-19 precautionary measures in Sudan: An application of the Health Belief Model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(12), 6315. Retrieved July 22, 2023, from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34527151/

Panyathon, K., Suppsirisopha, K., & Tanglakmankhong, K. (2023). The relationship between basic factors, health knowledge, and health beliefs and COVID-19 prevention behaviors among village health volunteers. Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute Journal, 17(3), 149-159. (in Thai)

Phaetcheep, K., Chueaho, K., Thanabunpuang, P., & Wongsawang, N. (2023). Development of a community-based care model for older adults with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Health and Nursing Research, 39(1), 15-30. (in Thai)

Rattanarat, A. (2020). Clinical characteristics and chest radiographic findings in COVID-19 pneumonia patients at Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute. Disease Control Journal, 46(4), 443-454. (in Thai)

Srirattanaprapas, J., & Klommek, J. (2022). Knowledge, attitudes, and COVID-19 preventive behaviors among the working-age population in Muak Lek Subdistrict, Muak Lek District, Saraburi Province. Royal Thai Army Nursing Journal, 23(1), 437-445. (in Thai)

Suphunnakul, P. (2018). Applied statistics for public health research. Phitsanulok: Naresuan University publishing House. (in Thai)

Subedi, S., Leal Filho, W., & Adedeji, A. (2023). An assessment of the Health Belief Model (HBM) properties as predictors of COVID-19 preventive behaviour. Journal of Public Health, 33(6), 1329-1339.

Teeraphanphong, K., & Nammong, J. (2021). Factors associated with COVID-19 preventive behaviors among employees in a large factory in Krathum Baen District, Samut Sakhon Province. Siam University Journal of Nursing, 22(23), 10-18. (in Thai)

Tavakol, M., Dennick, R. (2011). Making sense of Cronbach’s alpha. International Journal of Medical Education, 2, 53-55.

Taye, G. M., Bose, L., & Beressa, T. B. (2020). COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and prevention practices among people with hypertension and diabetes mellitus attending public health facilities in Ambo, Ethiopia. Infection and Drug Resistance, 13, 4203-4214.

Uttaradit Provincial Public Health Office. (2023). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation report, Uttaradit Province. Uttaradit: Uttaradit Provincial Public Health Office. (in Thai)

Wayne, W. D. (1995). Biostatistics: A foundation of analysis in the health sciences. (6th ed.). New York, NY: John Wiley & Son, Inc.

World Health Organization. (2006). Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycemia: Report of a WHO/ IDF consultation. Retrieved July 22, 2023, from https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/definition-and-diagnosis-of-diabetesmellitus-and-intermediate-hyperglycaemia

World Health Organization. (2024). WHO coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard. Retrieved February 21, 2025, from https://covid19.who.int/

Yamane, T. (1973). Statistics: An introductory analysis. (3rd ed.). New York: Harper and Row Publication.

Zhang, Y., Cui, Y., Shen, M., Zhang, J., Liu, B., Dai, M. et al. (2020). Association of diabetes mellitus with disease severity and prognosis in COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 165, 108227. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108227.