Reliability and Validity of the Thai version of the EPOCH Measure of Adolescent Well-being questionnaire
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Abstract
Objective: Currently, positive psychology is being applied in the care of mental health patients, as well as in promoting mental well-being. However, there is still no specific Thai-language well-being assessment tool available for children and adolescents. The objective of this research is to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Thai version of the EPOCH Measure of Adolescent Well-being questionnaire, which is used to assess the well-being of children and adolescents.
Methods: The EPOCH Measure of Adolescent Well-being questionnaire, which consists of 5 domains (Engagement, Perseverance, Optimism, Connectedness, and Happiness), with each domain containing 4 questions, for a total of 20 questions, has been translated into Thai and back-translated by a professional translator. Cognitive debriefing was done and the translated questionnaire was adjusted until obtained a final complete version. The Thai version EPOCH, World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5), and The Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A) (for depression assessment) were distributed to 240 participants aged 10-18 years from 3 schools in Chiang Mai province. Data was collected at 4-week intervals from a subset of 58 randomized participants. The data was then analyzed, and reliability and validity were evaluated.
Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the overall scale and the Perseverance, Optimism, Happiness domains were 0.897, 0.808, 0.806, and 0.804, respectively, indicating good reliability. The Connectedness domain had a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.730, indicating acceptable reliability, while the Engagement domain had a coefficient of 0.676, indicating questionable reliability. The intraclass correlation coefficients within the scale were 0.740, indicating moderate reliability, and within the domains were in the moderate to good range. There was a significant positive correlation (p<0.001) between the scores of the EPOCH and WHO-5 measures, both in the overall scores and in each domain. The scores of the EPOCH and PHQ-A measures also had a significant negative correlation (p<0.001) in all domains, except for the Engagement.
Conclusion: The Thai version of the EPOCH Measure of Adolescent Well-being questionnaire has good statistical reliability and validity and can be used for research purposes and clinical assessments in the Thai child and adolescent population.
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