Prevalence and factors associated with suicidality in patients with major depressive disorder in Charoenkrung Pracharak Hospital
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Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of suicidality among patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder and to identify factors associated with suicidality in these patients at Charoenkrung Pracharak Hospital.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive-analytic study was conducted on patients between the ages of 20 - 60 years, diagnosed with major depressive disorder for the first time and were treated within the six-month period of being diagnosed at Charoenkrung Pracharak Hospital throughout 2022. The study involved the use of questionnaires that consisted of demographic data, a depression rating scale consisting of 9 questions (9Q), and a suicidal rating scale consisting of 8 questions (8Q). The data were analyzed using chi-square test, Fisher's Exact test, Kruskal-Wallis test, binary logistic regression, and multivariable logistic regression.
Results: The study involved 441 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder, with a median age of 31 years (IQR = 28). Among them, 211 patients (47.9%) were between the ages of 20-30 years. The majority of the patients were females 73.9%, no couples 72.8%, and unemployed 58.7%. The prevalence of suicidality was 64.0%. These include 37.9% of suicidal ideations and 26.1% of suicidal attempts. The two factors that were statistically significant related to suicidality, as analyzed by multivariable logistic regression, were severe major depressive disorder (AOR 104.09, 95% CI 43.51-249.04) and self-harm (AOR 65.15, 95% CI 21.44-197.97).
Conclusion: The study identified self-harm and severe major depressive disorder as significant factors associated with suicidality in patients with major depressive disorder. These factors must be considered while evaluating patients with major depressive disorder and may be effective methods for preventing suicide in such patients.
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