Peritoneal Dialysis in Acute Kidney Injury and Related Complications
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Abstract
In regions of the world where resources are limited, acute peritoneal dialysis may provide safe, effective and cheaper alternative to acute hemodialysis with comparable efficacy. Acute peritoneal dialysis can be performed quickly and conveniently, requires fewer skilled personnels and less technologies. Current evidence suggest non-inferior outcomes compared to hemodialysis in the setting of acute kidney injury. Factors that may influence adverse outcomes include patient’s overall condition, the severity of underlying diseases, complications related to dialysis catheter replacement and peritoneal dialysis techniques such as intraabdominal infection, leakage of dialysis fluid, blockage of the catheter, and electrolyte abnormalities. These complications may result in switching to hemodialysis in up to 10-15 percent of the patients. Nevertheless, prevention of these complications may be achieved through thorough risk assessment prior to the procedure. Moreover, proper patient’s preparation prior to the procedure including administration of antibiotics, placement of urinary catheter, using laxative, placement of peritoneal catheter by a trained personnel and prompt recognition of complications can help reduce the length of hospital stay, morbidity and mortality in this setting.
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