Long Term Renal Outcome in Preeclampsia: Role of sFlt-1 / PlGF and Endoglin
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Abstract
Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is an important complication of pregnancy and can lead to chronic kidney disease by causing endothelial damage and podocyte loss, Soluble forms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), placental growth factor (PlGF), sFlt1/PlGF ratio and endoglin are the biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of preeclampsia and other diseases. We aim to explore the correlation of these biomarkers with long term renal function, blood pressure and urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) in PE patients.
Methods: All patients diagnosed as PE were enrolled. Blood samples for sFlt-1, PlGF, endoglin and urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) were collected. After delivery, the patients were followed to record blood pressure, renal function and UACR at three months and one year.
Results: 42 PE patients were included. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decreased significantly within three months and one year after follow-up (128.20 ± 10.34 to 120.75 ± 10.166 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p=0.001) at three months and 126.71 ± 9.948 to 114.29 ± 11.274 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p < 0.001) at one year. The endoglin level correlated significantly with eGFR level during PE but there was no correlation of all the biomarkers with eGFR, blood pressure, urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) at one year.
Conclusion: PE carries an increased risk for the mother to develop renal disease later in life. Only endoglin can help diagnose PE but is not correlated with long term renal function, blood pressure and urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR).
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