Depression in chronic kidney disease
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Abstract
Depression is highly prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD), including those with end stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis. Depression is associated with poor quality of life and increased mortality. Self-reported questionnaires have been used to screen depression, and patients who screen positive for depression should be referred to a qualified professional to confirm the diagnosis with a clinical interview. Risk factors associated with depression in CKD are diverse. Potential explanations for the high burden of depression observed among patient with CKD can be divided in those related to primary depression and to secondary depression from clinical illness. Limited evidence exists for a general recommendation to routinely use antidepressive agents, including types and dosages in CKD populations. Many gaps remain in current knowledge of depression in CKD. Further investigation on the mechanisms, prevention and treatment of depression in these populations are required.
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