A Narrative Review of Nutrition and Dietetics in Older Adults
Keywords:
dietetics, nutrition, older adultsAbstract
Thailand is one of the low and middle income countries currently facing the aging society. The increasing number of older adults brings along many health concerns, including nutrition-related problems, specifically malnutrition and non-communicable diseases. Major factors contributing to these problems include systemic changes associated with aging, along with inappropriate eating behavior and lifestyle. Nutrition interventions specifically targeted older adults are promising strategies to reduce the effects of nutrition-related problems among the elderly. This article aims to review current knowledge related to nutrition and dietetics for older adults. Nutritionists and dietitians play a significant role in assessing nutritional status, diagnosing nutritional issues, and planning appropriate interventions, such as, meal planning, nutrition counseling, and nutrition education. Nutrition professionals need to consider other factors influencing diet-related behaviors among older adults, in addition to the body of knowledge in nutrition and dietetics, for effective and sustainable behavioral changes at individual, community, and public health settings.
References
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision. New York: United Nations; 2017.
กรมกิจการผู้สูงอายุ. ข้อมูลสถิติจำนวนผู้สูงอายุประเทศไทย ปี 2561 ด้วยระบบ POWER BI [อินเตอร์เน็ต]. 2561. [เข้าถึงเมื่อ 31 พฤษภาคม 2562]. เข้าถึงได้จาก: http://www.dop.go.th/th/know/1/153
สำนักงานคณะกรรมการพัฒนาการเศรษฐกิจและสังคมแห่งชาติ. การคาดประมาณประชากรของประเทศไทย ปี 2543 – 2573 [อินเตอร์เน็ต]. 2554. [เข้าถึงเมื่อ 31 พฤษภาคม 2562]. เข้าถึงได้จาก: http://social.nesdb. go.th/social/Default.aspx?tabid=126
มูลนิธิสถาบันวิจัยและพัฒนาผู้สูงอายุไทย. สถานการณ์ผู้สูงอายุไทย พ.ศ. ๒๕๖๐. กรุงเทพฯ: สถาบันวิจัยประชากรและสังคม มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล; 2560.
Bernstein M, Munoz N; Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Food and Nutrition for Older Adults: Promoting Health and Wellness. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112(8):1255-77.
Walston JD. Sarcopenia in older adults. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2012; 24(6):623-7.
Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, Boirie Y, Cederholm T, Landi F, et al. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing. 2010; 39(4):412-23.
Genton L, Graf CE, Karsegard VL, Kyle UG, Pichard C. Low fat-free mass as a marker of mortality in community-dwelling healthy elderly subjects. Age Ageing. 2013; 42(1):33-9.
Deutz NE, Bauer JM, Barazzoni R, Biolo G, Boirie Y, Bosy-Westphal A, et al. Protein intake and exercise for optimal muscle function with aging: recommendations from the ESPEN Expert Group. Clin Nutr. 2014; 33(6):929-36.
Volkert D, Beck AM, Cederholm T, Cruz-Jentoft A, Goisser S, Hooper L, et al. ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition and hydration in geriatrics. Clin Nutr. 2018; S0261-5614(18):30210-3.
Lee MS, Huang YC, Wahlqvist ML. Chewing ability in conjunction with food intake and energy status in later life affects survival in Taiwanese with the metabolic syndrome. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2010; 58(6):1072-80.
Cichero JA, Lam P, Steele CM, Hanson B, Chen J, Dantas RO, et al. Development of International Terminology and Definitions for Texture-Modified Foods and Thickened Fluids Used in Dysphagia Management: The IDDSI Framework. Dysphagia. 2017; 32(2):293-314.
Schuster BG, Kosar L, Kamrul R. Constipation in older adults: stepwise approach to keep things moving. Can Fam Physician. 2015; 61(2):152-8.
Liu LW. Chronic constipation: current treatment options. Can J Gastroenterol. 2011; 25 Suppl B:22B-28B.
Attaluri A, Donahoe R, Valestin J, Brown K, Rao SS. Randomised clinical trial: dried plums (prunes) vs. psyllium for constipation. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011; 33(7):822-8.
Johannesson E, Simrén M, Strid H, Bajor A, Sadik R. Physical activity improves symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011; 106(5):915-22.
Sergi G, Bano G, Pizzato S, Veronese N, Manzato E. Taste loss in the elderly: Possible implications for dietary habits. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2017; 57(17):3684-9.
Bailly N, Maître I, Van Wymelbeke V. Relationships between nutritional status, depression and pleasure of eating in aging men and women. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2015; 61(3):330-6.
Roqué M, Salvà A, Vellas B. Malnutrition in community-dwelling adults with dementia (NutriAlz Trial). J Nutr Health Aging. 2013; 17(4):295-9.
Guerin O, Soto ME, Brocker P, Robert PH, Benoit M, Vellas B; REAL.FR Group. Nutritional status assessment during Alzheimer's disease: results after one year (the REAL French Study Group). J Nutr Health Aging. 2005; 9(2):81-4.
Guigoz Y, Vellas B. Garry PJ. Assessing the nutritional status of the elderly: The Mini Nutritional Assessment as part of the geriatric evaluation. Nutr Rev. 1996; 54:S59-S65.
Kagansky N, Berner Y, Koren-Morag N, Perelman L, Knobler H, Levy S. Poor nutritional habits are predictors of poor outcomes in very old hospitalized patients. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005; 82:784-91.
Brugler L, DiPrinzio MJ, Bernstein L. The five-year evolution of a malnutrition treatment program in a community hospital. Jt Comm J Qual Improv. 1999; 25(4):191-206.
Vellas B, Guigoz Y, Garry PJ, Nourhashemi F, Bennahum D, Lauque S, et al. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and its use in grading the nutritional state of elderly patients. Nutrition. 1999; 15(2):116-22.
Guigoz Y. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) review of the literature-What does it tell us? J Nutr Health Aging. 2006; 10(6):466-85.
Lacey K, Pritchett E. Nutrition Care Process and Model: ADA adopts road map to quality care and outcomes management. J Am Diet Assoc. 2003; 103(8):1061-72.
White JV, Guenter P, Jensen G, Malone A, Schofield M. Consensus statement of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: characteristics recommended for the identification and documentation of adult malnutrition (undernutrition). J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012; 112(5):730-8.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization/United Nations University. Human energy requirements. Report of a Joint FAO/WHO/UNU Expert Consultation, 17–24 October 2001. Rome, FAO food and nutrition technical report series. 2004; 1-103.
Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2005.
Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2004.
Zheng YT, Cui QQ, Hong YM, Yao WG. A meta-analysis of high dose, intermittent vitamin D supplementation among older adults. PLoS One. 2015; 10(1):e0115850.
World Health Organization. Guideline: Sugars intake for adults and children. Geneva: World Health Organization (WHO); 2015.
Chavasit V, Photi J, Kriengsinyos W, Ditmetharoj M, Preecha S, Tontisirin K. Overcoming the Trans Fat Problem in Thailand. Curr Dev Nutr. 2019; 3(6):nzz045.
Eckel RH, Jakicic JM, Ard JD, et al. 2013 AHA/ACC guideline on lifestyle management to reduce cardiovascular risk: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2014; 129(25 Suppl 2):S76–S99.
World Health Organization. Guideline: Sodium intake for adults and children. Geneva: World Health Organization (WHO); 2012.
Miller SL, Wolfe RR. The danger of weight loss in the elderly. J Nutr Health Aging. 2008; 12(7):487-91.
Villareal DT, Apovian CM, Kushner RF, Klein S; American Society for Nutrition; NAASO, The Obesity Society. Obesity in older adults: technical review and position statement of the American Society for Nutrition and NAASO, The Obesity Society. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005; 82(5):923-34.
Dorner B, Friedrich EK. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Individualized Nutrition Approaches for Older Adults: Long-Term Care, Post-Acute Care, and Other Settings. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2018; 118(4):724-35.
Bernstein MA, Tucker KL, Ryan ND, O'Neill EF, Clements KM, Nelson ME, et al. Higher dietary variety is associated with better nutritional status in frail elderly people. J Am Diet Assoc. 2002; 102(8):1096-104.
Hollis JH, Henry CJ. Dietary variety and its effect on food intake of elderly adults. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2007; 20(4):345-51.
Moyer VA; U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Vitamin, mineral, and multivitamin supplements for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer: U.S. Preventive services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2014; 160(8):558-64.
World Health Organization. Physical Activity and Older Adults: Recommended levels of physical activity for adults aged 65 and above [Internet]. 2019. [cited 31 May 2019]. Available from: https://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/factsheet_olderadults/en/
Stroebele-Benschop N, Depa J, de Castro JM. Environmental Strategies to Promote Food Intake in Older Adults: A Narrative Review. J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr. 2016; 35(2):95-112.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Upon acceptance of an article, copyright is belonging to the Nutrition Association of Thailand.
