Prevalence of HIV, HBV and HCV Infections in First-time Blood Donors at Somdejphrachaotaksin Maharaj Hospital, Tak Province, During 2001-2005

บทคัดย่อ

Abstract :

Procurement of blood for safety transfusion includes recruitment and retention of low risk donor  selection
and  proper screening for infectious markers in donated blood. The objective of this retrospective  study was to analyze
infectious markers among first time blood donors at Somdejphrachaotaksin  Maharaj Hospital, Tak Province in the
north of Thailand during the year 2001 through 2005. There were 4,371 first-time blood donors consisting of 59%
males and 41% females which 58% of  them were young donors, age 17-20 years old. The total prevalence of blood
transmitted  infections in  the five years period including HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and
syphilis  as  screen by anti HIV and HIV Ag, HBsAg, anti-HCV and RPR testing were 0.37%, 7.08%, 0.61% and 0.05%,
respectively. There were none of the donors positive for HIVAg. The highest prevalence of HBV infection (9.55%)
was  found in 2002 with statistically significant difference ( p = 0.003). The statistically  significant difference was
not  found in the prevalence of HIV, HCV and syphilis infections. Male donors  had higher prevalence of all 4 markers
than  female but significant difference in HBsAg only (p < 0.001). The prevalence of HCV infection was increased
by  age with statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). This study reveals that HIV, HBV and HCV infections
remain health problems in Thailand, which  need education for prevention of blood and sexual transmitting pathogens
for  general population at  all age group including school children. Pre-donation counseling with donor self defer should
be intensively  implemented. Post donation counseling for infected blood donors is also necessary for care and
management of their health status and prevention of transmission. The efficient data management is  important for
reputation  of repeated donation by infected donors.