Experience of Using Elution Technique in Investigation of ABO-HDN in Police General Hospital's Blood Bank

Abstract

Abstract: ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn (ABO-HDN) commonly occurs in mothers of blood group O because of IgG anti-A and/or anti-B may cross the placenta and destroy red blood cells of group A or B infants. In this paper, we study the results of the elution test of infants who were born to ABO incompatible mothers. Blood samples were collected from the Police General Hospital during March to May 1998. ABO, Rh (D) typing, Direct antiglobulin test (DAT), Indirect antiobulin test and Heat elution test were performed according to AABB technical manual. It was found that 42 (9.2%) infants (group A:19, group B:23) were born to group O mothers. Eight infants DAT and 34 infants had negative DAT. However, anti-A and/or anti-B could be eluted from 31 infants (73.8%). Only 6 infants showed clinically significant ABO-HDN by developing jaundice. All patients were managed successfully with phototherapy. Of these, 3 infants had posity 3 had negative DAT. But the antibodies could be eluted from all of them. We concluded that the is often more useful than the DAT in assessing HDN due to ABO incompatibility.