Immunomodulating, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Aqueous Extract of Bauhinia penicillilobaPierre ex Gagnep.
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Abstract
The aqueous extract of Bauhinia penicillilobaPierre ex Gagnep root, traditionally used as a tonic and appetizer, was investigated for immunomodulating, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The immunomodulating activity of aqueous extract was evaluated using mouse splenocytes proliferation by BrdU assay. The results showed that B. penicillilobahad an immunostimulating activity. The extract alone exhibited stimulating activity at the concentration range of 12.5-400 μg/ml with the maximum activity at 200 μg/ml (P.I. = 2.95; control = 1.00). In the presence of pokeweed mitogen (PWM), the extract significantly increased lymphocyte proliferation at concentration range of 12.5-100 μg/ml with the strongest activity at 50 μg/ml (P.I. = 5.68; control = 4.25). The effect of aqueous extract on phagocytic activity of mouseperitoneal macrophage was evaluated by NBT assay. The aqueous extract at the range of 100-400 μg/ml gave non-significant stimulating effects. The concentration of extract exhibiting maximum activity was 400 μg/ml (NBT reduction index = 1.14; control = 1.00). The effect of B. penicillilobaextract on cytokine production was determined by ELISA kits. The extract with concanavalin-A (ConA) augmented IFN-γproduction at concentration of 100 μg/ml (1076.20 pg/ml; control = 981.20 pg/ml). But the extract alone showed inhibitory effects on IL-4 production. The aqueous extract of B. penicillilobaalso exhibited potent antioxidant activity based on DPPH and FRAP assay with the EC 50 and FRAP values of 11.34 μg/ml and 2,159.72 μM, respectively. The total phenolic compounds determined by Folin-Ciocalteau assay was 249.96 μg/mg. For antimicrobial activity, B. penicillilobaaqueous extract was more active against S. aureusthan B. cereus, B. subtilisand S. sonnei with inhibition zone of 10.82, 8.36, 7.33 and 7.03 mm, respectively.
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