Effect of the Screening for Diabetes mellitus and Hypertension by Pharmacists in Accredited Community Pharmacy in Mahasarakham Province
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Abstract
Diabetes and hypertension are major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, the second highest cause
of mortality at the present in Thailand, and they trends to increase annually. People with impaired fasting glucose or prehypertension are at risk to develop diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate 1) the rates of people with pre-diabetes and prehypertension who walked into two accredited
community pharmacies in municipal area of Mahasarakham province, 2) the proportion of people with
prediabetes and prehypertension who could control their fasting blood glucose or blood pressure to normal level after receiving pharmacistsû counseling aimed for behavior change and 3) people satisfaction with the screening service at the accredited community pharmacies. The subjects enrolled in this study aged at least 35 years old and had no previous diagnosis of hypertension and diabetes. The study was conducted during September 2008-March 2009. A total of 333 people enrolled into this study were screened for diabetes or hypertension. There were 136 people (40.8%) who did not have the impaired glucose and blood pressure, 53 (16.3%) had prediabetes (95%CI: 12.0 - 19.9), 96 (32.2%) had prehypertension (95%CI: 26.7 - 37.3) and
48 (16.3%) had prediabetes and prehypertension (95%CI: 11.8 - 20.2). After referred from the accredited
community pharmacies to the primary care units, we found 9 new cases (2.7% of 333 people who received
services at the accredited pharmacies). One was diagnosed with diabetes (1.0%), 4 patients with hypertension (4.9%) and one patient with diabetes and hypertension (1.0%) and 3 patients (3.0%) had other diseases (dyslipidemia, chronic renal failure). After 45 people who were at risk received pharmacy counseling,
15 (33.5%) had their blood pressure and blood glucose returned to the normal level. Most customers (62.5%)
were extremely satisfied with customer-pharmacist relationship and 51.9% were highly satisfied with the screening service. The results can be concluded that screening services at the accredited community pharmacies was able to identify the new cases (2.7%). Providing counseling in health behavior modification and following up by pharmacists at the accredited pharmacies help 33.3% of people who were at risk control their fasting blood sugar or blood pressure to normal level. Most people were very satisfied with the service. People who were at risk were also referred to the primary care units in health care system in order to receive optimal medical care. In addition, pharmacist counseling on health behavior reduces people with pre-diabetes and prehypertension in community.
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