Development of Foot Massage Cream Containing Ginger Oil for Foot Numbness and Pain Relief in Diabetic Neuropathy Patients
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Abstract
Introduction: Many diabetic patients encounter foot numbness, foot pain including no feeling on their feet. These complicated symptoms are denoted as diabetic neuropathy. Previous studies found that the essential oil of Zingiber offcinale Roscoe (ginger) rhizome could decrease the musculoskeletal pain. Several research works also suggested that foot massage could increase blood circulation and stimulate the peripheral nervous system. Objective: This research aimed to develop ginger oil foot massage cream for relief of foot numbness and pain in diabetic neuropathy patients. Methodology: Four formulations of foot massage cream containing 1 % w/w ginger oil were developed using Cremophor RH 40 ® as emulsifer. The most physically stable cream which did not induce skin irritation in volunteers was chosen. The clinical effcacy for relieving foot numbness and pain using the selected ginger oil cream was studied in diabetic neuropathy patients. Thirty-six patients were randomly divided into two groups, using the cream base and using the cream containing ginger oil. Patients applied foot massage cream twice a day for one month. Foot numbness and foot pain were measured before and after 1 month use of the creams. Results: After 1 month, foot numbness tested in either patients whose received ginger oil cream or cream base could be improved with statistical signifcance (p < 0.05). From the viewpoint of foot pain, evaluated by visual analog scales, 34.48 % of the patients using ginger oil cream showed a clinical improvement. However 20.69 % of the patients using cream base also demonstrated a clinical improvement. When the foot numbness and foot pain relief effcacy of ginger oil cream were compared with those of cream base, it was found that ginger oil cream possessed a higher effcacy than cream base, but without statistical signifcance (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The developed ginger oil foot massage cream was able to relieve foot numbness and pain in diabetic neuropathy patients. Further study should be undertaken to determine a clear difference between the effcacy of ginger oil cream and that of the cream base. In addition, further study should be performed to develop the ginger oil cream as a commercial product in the future.
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