The Study of Chemical Compositions of Volatile Oil from Fresh Ginger Rhizomes and Ginger Capsules in Thailand
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Abstract
Introduction: Volatile oil from ginger rhizomes and ginger capsules (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) consists of many chemical components that have anti-flatulent properties. This research examined the chemical components of volatile oil extracted from 5 sources of fresh ginger rhizomes and 11 sources of ginger capsules in Thailand. Materials and Methods: The volatile oils of fresh ginger rhizomes and ginger capsules were extracted by means of steam distillation. Then, the chemical compositions of volatile oil were studied and compared using gas chromatography and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Results: The volatile oil contents of ginger rhizomes and capsules were in the range of 0.69 to 2.45 percent volume per weight. Gas chromatography identified 20 compounds in the volatile oil of fresh ginger rhizomes and 5 compounds in volatile oil of ginger capsules. The main component found in volatile oil of fresh ginger rhizomes and ginger capsules was zingiberene (11.9-39.5% of the area under the peaks). Mass spectrum technique and retention index based on the comparison with NIST MS library database provided consistent results in identifying compounds found in the ginger volatile oil. Conclusion: Retention index could be used to examine the compositions of volatile oil in the ginger capsules comparing to ginger rhizomes from the same sources.
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