Clinical Outcome of Pharmaceutical Care for Smoking Cessation in Chatturat Hospital
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Abstract
Smoking cessation can reduce morbidity and mortality due to the risk of smoking-related diseases.The objective of this study was to investigate clinical outcome of pharmaceutical care for smoking cessation in Chatturat Hospital. Methods : In a prospective, quasi experiment study, smokers were screened for willingness to quit smoking in Chatturat Hospital on September 2015 - March 2016. Data were collected by face-to-face and telephone counseling for a period of at least 6 months. The primary screenings included nicotine dependence and number of cigarettes smoked per day. Level of carbon monoxide (CO) in exhalation, percentage of peak expiratory flow rate (%PEFR) was measured at baseline in week 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 respectively. Results : A total of 72 smokers were recruited in the study. All of these were men, the mean age was 47.38 years (SD=10.85). The results revealed that subjects smoked an average of 20 cigarettes per day (SD=9.70) for 27.15 years (SD=10.15). At week 24, mean number of cigarettes per day was decreased significantly from baseline (from 20 (SD=9.70) to 4 (SD=6.33); p<0.001). Mean Fagerstrom scores were decreased significantly from baseline (from 6.00 (SD=2.00) to 0.00 (SD=1.58); p<0.001). At week 24, the continuous abstinence rate was 43.06%. A similar decline was observed with CO (from 14.50 (SD=9.11) to 8 (SD=12.45) ppm; p<0.001). Mean % PEFR increased from 72.09 (SD=16.86) to 82.24 (SD=17.21); p<0.001. The number of smokers who had %PEFR less than 80% at baseline was significantly reduced at the end of study (from 66.67% to 41.67%; p<0.001) and the mean Framingham 10-year risk scores were significantly lower than baseline (from 16.80 (SD=8.34) to 10.30 (SD=5.12); p<0.05). Conclusions : Pharmacists can provide help to stop smoking. The smokers can quit smoking and lung function improves, so pharmacists should have a role in a multidisciplinary team to provide pharmaceutical care in smoking cessation in hospital.
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