The study of factors and components in situ forming gel formulation comprising of PLGA
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Abstract
Introduction: In situ forming gel implants is developed continuously for implant replacement in order
to reduce pain from the administration for periodontitis treatment. Objective: The purpose of this research is
to develop in situ forming gel formulation for implant in periodontitis treatment. Poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic
acid)(PLGA) was dissolved in N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) and the in situ gel was formed by solvent
exchange mechanism. The effectof the ratio of PLGA:NMP was studied at ratio 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:10
and1:15 and the effect of the additives addition such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), Poloxamer
407®andPoloxamer 188®was also performed. The physical properties including viscosity, gel forming,
injectability, and weight loss of polymer were evaluated for all formulations. Results:The gel forming and
viscosity of developed gel indicated that the selected ratios for later study were PLGA: NMP ratio at 1:3, 1:4
and1:5 because gel was formed within 1 minute. However, the high viscosity was observed with those ratios
(11.803±1.857Pa.s, 2.576±0.385 Pa.s and 0.955±0.076 Pa.s,respectively). The reduction of viscosity and
injection time and the increasing of polymer weight loss were also observed when the additives were added.It
might be due to the internal porous structure. As SEM micrograph, the internal porous structure was observed
when the additives were added. The addition of either Poloxamer 407® or Poloxamer 188®produced a
consistency porous with a thin wall and smooth surface with tiny pore whilst PVP would produce a fluffy
texture and a smooth surface with a thick wall and also had different size of porous within structure.Moreover,
the polymer weight loss of PLGA/PVP: NMP with ratio at 1:3 was increased dramatically at the first week and
the rate of weight loss was increase slowly to plateau since week 2 to 4 of study (% weight loss from week 1
to week 4; 14.37, 19.83, 18.46 and19.18, respectively).Thus it is predictable that the in situ gel
fromPLGA/PVPmight create a slow release until plateau since week 2 of administration. Conclusion:The
additives such as Poloxamer or PVP are required for in situ gel forming formulation comprising of PLGA with
solvent exchange method to suit for periodontitis treatment application.
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