Determination of Active Constituents and Antioxidative Activity in Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.
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Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to determine total active constituents and antioxidant activities
from three kinds of Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr including Tubtim Siam, Thong Dee and Kao Nampheung.
Methods: Three kinds of C. maxima were macerated with ethanol for 7 days. The dried crude extract of each
part was determined for carotenoid, phenolic, flavonoid and anthocyanin content. The antioxidative activity
was evaluated by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assay. Results: The results indicated that Tubtim Siam showed
the highest active constituents and antioxidative activity followed by Thong Dee and Kao Nampheung,
respectively. When comparing the amount of active constituents in various parts of C. maxima, flavedo part
showed the highest carotenoid and flavonoid content, while endocarp part had the highest total phenolic
content and juice of C. maxima showed the highest anthocyanin content. The results showed that the
endocarp part exhibited the highest antioxidant activity by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assay. While seed
showed the lowest antioxidant activity. Conclusion: From this study, it could be concluded that the C.
maxima extracts contained many active constituents and showed antioxidant activities especially for Tubtim
Siam variety and had excellent potential for further study about pharmacological and increased the economic value of Thai’s fruit.
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