Total Phenolic Contents and Anti-tyrosinase Activity of Tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Fruit Extracts
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Abstract
Introduction: Tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., Solanaceae) is one of the most important
vegetables and commonly grown in all over the world. It contains vitamin C, A, E, flavonoids, lycopene and
phenolic compounds. Tomato red fruit produces lycopene, beta-carotene and phenolic compounds more than tomato yellow fruit. Phenolic compounds are the active components of tomato which showed antityrosinase activity. The present study was aimed to determine total phenolic contents and antityrosinase activity of tomato fruit in different cultivars planted in Thailand. Methods: This research was experimental study. Total phenolic contents and antityrosinase activities of 3 parts of tomato fruits as pulp extract (PE), juices extract (JE) and juices partition with ethyl acetate extract (ET) from four cultivars (cv. Tubtimdang, T2021, cv. Seda, Lookpasoam Somtam F1, cv. LookyaiLookpasoam, Extra 390F1 and cv. Perfectgold, 111) were investigated. Results: Total phenolic contents of ET extracts of all tomato cultivars were significantly higher than PE and JE extracts (P<0.05). Perfectgold 111 cultivar showed the highest total phenolic content with 8.45 ± 1.32 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram of extract. Antityrosinase activity of ET extracts of all tomato cultivars were also significantly higher than PE and JE extracts (P<0.05). Their IC50 were in the range of 0.44 -0.47 mg/mL which lower than kojic acid 4 times. Tomatoes in different cultivars did not showed the different antityrosinase activities. Conclusion: ET extract of Perfectgold 111 cultivar contained the highest total phenolic contents and showed the effective antityrosinase activity. This extract has a high potential to be an ingredient of skin lightening products.
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