Effect of four herb extracts on melanin synthesis
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Abstract
Introduction: Melanin is a pigment that gives rise to the color of skin and hair. The abnormality of melanin synthesis, resulted in the decrease of melanin contents can cause gray hair. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the 50% ethanolic extracts of Eclipta prostrata L.(EP), Zingiber
officinale Roscoe.(ZO), Lawsonia inermisL.(LI) and Rhinacanthus nasutus(L.) Kurz.(RN) on melanin synthesis. Methods: These extracts were determined for total phenolic content, antioxidant activity by Radical Scavenging Assay(DPPH)andFerric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP), tyrosinase activity and melanin contentin B16F10 melanocyte cells. Results: The results showed that the plant extracts had total phenolic content at 68.86±5.61-170.21±14.69 mg/g tannic acid equivalent, antioxidant activity by DPPH assay with IC50 at 9.93±2.38 - 96.31±6.51 μg/ml and FRAP values of 72.45±9.4- 733.13±154.62 mg/g. When compared to the control, tyrosinase activities of ZO and EP extracts at a concentration of 150 μg/ml significantly increased (144.65±2.68 % and 129.21±5.36, respectively at p-value <0.05). All plant extracts at concentrations of 31.25-250μg/ml had no cytotoxicity to B16F10 cells. EP, LI and RN extracts at a concentration of 250 μg/ml and ZOextract at a concentration of 62.5 μg/ml increased melanin contents (118.92±5.22%, 129.41±8.17%, 288.97±14.67% and 117.05±10.47%, respectively). Conclusion: Aqueous-ethanolic extracts of these four plants increased melanin contents in melanocytes and may be used as hair treatment to decrease gray-hair.
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