Development of Asthma Knowledge Scale for Adults
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Abstract
Previously, asthma knowledge measures had some limitations. These limitations included measures used for evaluating the knowledge of caregivers of asthmatic children, which couldn't be adapted for use with adult patients in some questions. Some instruments required open-ended responses, making the evaluation of answers more complex and prone to errors. Additionally, the Thai version of the asthma knowledge assessment instruments had limited testing for validity and reliability. Objective: To develop the Asthma Knowledge Scale for Adults (ASKS) with testing for validity and reliability. Methods: The ASKS was mostly developed through a literature review and evaluated content validity by 5 experts. A preliminary measurement instrument was tested on 30 asthma patients. Subsequently, the measure was tested in a sample group of asthma patients, with an analysis of criterion-related validity. Results: The study included 140 asthma patients, with the majority being female (81.4%). The average age of the sample was 51.58 ± 13.31 years. The ASKS consists of 21 items and has proved content validity. The internal consistency, as measured by Kuder-Richardson-20 (KR-20), was 0.821. The measure demonstrated criterion-related validity, showing significant associations with the use of bronchodilator medication during exacerbations in the previous 6 months and emergency room/clinic visits due to exacerbations in the preceding 6 months (adjusted odds ratio (adj OR) = 0.881, P = 0.034 and adj OR = 0.882, P = 0.033, respectively). It also revealed criterion-related validity by having a significant relationship with scores on the Medication Adherence Measure for Inhaler Users (MAM-I) (correlation coefficient (r) = 0.177, P = 0.036). Conclusion: The ASKS showed content validity, acceptable internal consistency, as well as criterion-related validity. As a result, it can be used to effectively assess the knowledge of asthma patients.
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