Impact of Pharmaceutical Care on The Awareness of Rational Antibiotic Use in Patients with Upper Respiratory Tract Infections at Community Pharmacy, Mueang District, Ubon Ratchathani Province
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Abstract
Introduction: Patient compliance on rational use of antibiotic drug can help to prevent drug resistance. Objective: To evaluate the effect of pharmaceutical care on the awareness of use of antibiotic drug in patient with upper respiratory tract infection at community pharmacy. Materials and Methods: A pre-post experimental study has been conducted. The customers who came with common cold, pharyngitis and tonsillitis were randomly sampling at 6 community pharmacies in Mueang district, Ubon Ratchathani Province during November 2021 to January 2022. Participants were grouped according to the McIsaac score. The clinical outcomes were follow-up within 5 to 7 days. The awareness, expectation, and behavior about antibiotic drugs use were compared by using paired sample t-test and McNemar test Results: Among the 46 participants, 29 of them (63.04%) were female. An average age was 39.89 ± 12.76 year. Of these, 34 participants (73.91%) had the McIsaac score within 0-1 point. Twenty-seven (58.70%) participants had not been advised for the use of antibiotic drugs within 6 months. After providing a pharmaceutical care, 12 participants (26.08%) received antibiotic drug according to the guideline. Among 34 participants who do not require for antibiotic drugs, 20 of them (58.82%) had change the expectation to use the antibiotic drug after advice. The average score of awareness, expectation, and behavior according to the antibiotic drugs were statistical increase after providing of pharmaceutical care (mean difference 1.68; 95% CI 2.05-1.32, 1.34; 95% CI 1.67-8.15, and 0.20; 95% CI 0.34-0.05 respectively). The proportion of participants, who had high level of awareness and expectation, were also statistical increase. However, all participants had an improved symptoms or completed cure within 7 days after providing service. Conclusion: Pharmaceutical care in community pharmacy can help to increase the awareness and promote the rational use of antibiotics in patients with upper respiratory tract infections.
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