Roles of Pharmacist in Community Mental Illness Care Services
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Abstract
Chronic Care Model (CCMs) is a popular continuity care concept for providing services for patients with chronic conditions in a community. There are 6 components in CCMs including health system, delivery system design, decision support, clinical information system, self-management support and community resource and policies. CCMs results in good outcomes for patients with chronic diseases including mental disorders. Pharmacists have a responsibility in drug system which is a first line treatment in continuous care in mental illness. Thus they should have roles in CCMs. Objective: To explore pharmacist roles in developing professional services for caring patients with mental disorders in a community using CCMs. Method: This study was a mixed method. Descriptive study by using questionnaire was used, followed by a qualitative study via group discussion. Samples were pharmacists underwent a post graduate certificate in psychiatric pharmaceutical care program at Suanprung Hospital. Results: Pharmacists had partially developed systems for providing chronic care for patients with mental disorders, ranging from developing health system (47.9%), decision support (47.6%), self-management support (41.6%), delivery system design (37.1%), clinical information system (19.0%) and community resource and policies (7.9%). Results from qualitative data shown that the health system component was the role of pharmacy chief in the hospital pharmacy and therapeutic committee. The well-established roles were activities related to medicines, such as treatment monitoring plan, services delivering design, and medication information services. The least mentioned role was in community resource and policies that require working with other personnel in the hospital and community. They suggested that pharmacists should integrate clinical pharmacy and primary care activities together. Conclusion: Pharmacists should develop a patient care system for patients with mental disorders on all components of CCMs. There is opportunity for pharmacists to extend their role beyond medicines. It requires them to work collaboratively with other health care staff and to gain cooperation from organization executives and communities for the effective community mental health care system.
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