Impact of berberine on regulation of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in diabetes-induced mouse liver
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Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease which has been increasing nowadays and subsequently devastates quality of life and economic status of a patient. Oxidative stress participates in development and progression of diabetes, in which levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) have been changed in DM. Berberine has been widely used as an alternative medicine and proved to be effective for treatment of DM and dyslipidemia. The present study aims to measure effect of berberine on regulation of GPx and SOD genes at transcriptional level in diabetic induced mouse liver compared to a typical hypoglycemic drug metformin. Materials and method: Male ddY mice at 6 weeks of age were divided into two main groups consisted of the normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Each group was randomly divided into three groups (n=5) including the control group and the metformin treated (100 mg/kg/d, p.o., daily for 2 weeks) and the berberine treated (200 mg/kg/d, p.o., daily for 2 weeks) groups. 24 hours after the last treatment, livers were excised to prepare total RNA. Determination of GPx, CuZn-SOD, and Mn-SOD mRNA expression was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Relative mRNA expression was analyzed using ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test. Results: Expression of GPx mRNA was inducible while that of CuZn-SOD mRNA was suppressed in diabetic induced mouse liver. Berberine showed the same hypoglycemic potential as metformin, with no change of the levels of GPx, CuZn-SOD, and Mn-SOD mRNA in the normal mice, while it significantly restored the mRNA levels of PRx and CuZn-SOD in the diabetics to nearly the same levels as the normals. Conclusion: These observations suggested that berberine conveyed anti-oxidative potential via expression of GPx and CuZn-SOD at transcriptional level. Therefore, use of berberine as an alternative medicine for hypoglycemic action could bring extra beneficent consequence according to its anti-oxidative potential.
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