Tachycardia in Schizophrenia Patients Treated with Clozapine During Inpatient Hospitalization
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Abstract
Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotics in the national list of essential medicines (NELM) for treatment of refractory schizophrenia. Although clozapine has superior efficacy, most of patients may not be able to tolerate side effects of clozapine.Tachycardia is one of common side effects that could later develop to serious cardiovascular diseases. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of tachycardia and factors of clozapine-induced tachycardia Methods: This study was retrospective cohort study using inpatient medical record of Prasrimahabhodi psychiatric hospital during January 2015 to December 2017. Data were analyzed using logistic regression and chi-square test. Results: There were 327 schizophrenia patients (Male 70.64%, Female 29.35%) enrolled in this study. The mean age was 41.60 years. There were 253 patients received clozapine at low dose (<300 mg/day) and 74 patients with high dose (≥300 mg/day). The prevalence of tachycardia was 30.89%. Factors that affect tachycardia include age, BMI, length of stay, diagnosis, medication before admitting, smoking, caffeine consumption, diabetes mellitus, dose of clozapine, and concomitant medication. When compare the risk factor, clozapine in high dose group affected tachycardia 2.19 times than the low dose group (p=0.004). Conclusion: The prevalence of tachycardia in our study was 30.89% and consistent with other studies. Clozapine dose is major risk factor for clozapine-induced tachycardia.
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