Efficacy and Safety of Medications Use in Tobacco Dependence
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Abstract
Introduction: Tobacco dependence defined as chronic disease and acts as a major risk for others chronic diseases. A recent clinical practice guideline for treating smoking dependence developed by U.S. Department of Health and Human Services introduced in May 2008 and had never been revised. New clinical trials and meta-analysis about efficacy and safety of medications use in tobacco dependence developed after year 2008 may help practitioners using the guidelines more effective. An objective of this study was to review and update about efficacy and safety of medications use in tobacco dependence. Methods: PubMed and others related websites were searched for clinical studies and meta-analysis since 2008 till the beginning of year 2014. Results: Effective medications use for tobacco dependences compared with placebo included varenicline, bupropion, nicotine replacement therapy, clonidine, nortriptyline and cytisine. Vernonia cinerea Less. also showed the effectiveness in clinical studies, but with small sample sizes. In the head-to-head comparisons, varenicline was more effective than bupropion and single NRT, but no more for combination NRT. There were no serious adverse events caused by any medications including major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Conclusion: Recent studies show effective and safe medications use for tobacco dependence included varenicline, bupropion, nicotine replacement therapy, clonidine, nortriptyline, cytisine and Vernonia cinerea Less.
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