Effect of Cadmium and Selenium on Hepatic Antioxidative Enzymes of Hamsters
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research aimed to study the toxicity of cadmium on hepatic antioxidant enzymes of hamsters and to investigate the protective effect of selenium on low dose cadmium administration on these enzyme systems. For acute toxicity studies, intraperitoneal administration of 1, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg of cadmium did not change selenium dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPx) activity of males, whereas the enzyme activity decreased in females.
Cadmium at every doses of administration increased glutathion reductase (GR) activity in males but only at 2.5 mg/kg can increase this enzyme activity in females. Moreover catalase activity did not change in males but decreasd in females. There were no changes in hepatic glutatione levels of both genders. An administration of selenium with low dose cadmium (0.5 mg/kg) can decrease the hepatic cadmium levels in both sexes. Hepatic Se-GPx activities of male animals receiving either cadmium or selenium were not different from those of the control group. However, Se-GPx activity of male animals receiving cadmium plus selenium decreased. In contrast, hepatic Se-GPx activities of females increased in selenium alone or selenium plus cadmium groups. When compared to the control, there were no changes in GR activities of all studied male animals. But GR activities decreased in cadmium, selenium, and cadmium plus selenium treated animals. Catalase activity of selenium plus cadmium group was found to be lower than that of the control in both males and females. When compared to the control, GSH levels of all male treated animals did not change. Whereas in females, GSH levels increased in both selenium and selenium plus cadmium treated groups.
Article Details
In the case that some parts are used by others The author must Confirm that obtaining permission to use some of the original authors. And must attach evidence That the permission has been included
References
Amoruso MA, Witz Q, Goldstein BD. Enhancement of rat and human phagocyte superoxide anion radical production by cadmium in vitro Toxicol Lett. 1982; 10:133-8.
Beers RF, Sizer IW. A spectrophotometric method for measuring the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase. J. Biol Chem. 1985; 195: 133-5.
Beyermann D. Hechtenberg S. Cadmium, gene regulation and cellular signaling in mammalian cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1997; 144:247-61.
Cadmium ะ ATSDR public health statement [home page] [2000 Jun 14] available from URL: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/phs8O8.html.
Carberg I, Mannervik B. Glutathione reductase. Methods Enzymol 1985; 113:489-90.
Cahill AL, Nyberg D, Ehret CF. Tissue distribution of cadmium and metallothionein as a function of time of day and dosage. Environ Res 1983; 31:54-65.
Chcngelis CP. Metabolism. In: Gad sc, Christopher PC, cds. Animal Models in Toxicology. New York, Marcel dekke, 1992; 331-42.
Chokcsanthaporn c. Cadmium in edible plants. Master thesis in Forensic Science, Graduate School, Mahidol University, 1988.
Cohn VH, Lyle J. A fluorometric assay for glutathione. Anal Biochem 1966; 14: 434-40.
Groten JP, Bladercn PJV. Cadmium bioavailability and health risk in food. Trends Food Sci Tech 1994; 5:50-5.
Halliwell B. Free radicals, antioxidants and human disease: curiosity, cause or consequence. The Lancet 1994; 344: 721-4.
Harvard Study: selenium and prostate cancer [homepage]. [2000 May 24]. Available from URL: http://www.dcaddoctor.com/html/cancer.html
IARC monograph 1993: 1-42:139-41.
Kaim W, Schwederski B. (eds.) Bioinorganic chemistry: In Inorganic elements in the chemistry of life an introduction and guide. West Sussex: John Willey&Sons. LTD. 1994; 323-8.
Mannervik B. Glutathione peroxidase. Methods Enzymol 1985; 113:490-95.
Ognjanovic B, Zikic RV, Stain A, Saicic zs, Kostic MM, Pctrovic VM. The effect of selenium on the antioxidant defense system in the liver of rats exploscd to cadmium. Physiol Res 1995; 44:293-300.
Polavarapu R, Spitz DR, Sim JE, Follansbee MH. Obcrlcy LW, Rahemtulla A, Nanji AA. Increased lipid peroxidation and impaired antioxidant enzyme function is associated with pathological liver injury in experimental alcoholic liver disease in rats fed diets high in corn oil and fish oil. Hepatology. 1998; 27(5): 1317-23.
Pornsuttijanya ร, Jaengsawang J. Cadmium in black tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon, J Med Sci 1994; 37(2): 121-6.
Rotruck JP, Pope AL, Ganther HE, Swanson AB, Hafeman DG, Hoekstra WG. Selenium biochemical role as a component of glutathiane peroxidase. Science 1973; 179(9): 588-90.
Selenium : vitamin etc. [home page] [2000 Jun 28]
Available from: URL:http://www.Bookman.com.au/vitamins/selenium.html
Stajn S, Zikic RV, Ognjanovic B, Saicic IS, Pavlovic SZ, Kostic MM, Petrovic VM. Effect of cadmium and selenium on the antioxidant defeuse system in rat kidneys. Comp Biochem Physiol 1997; 117C(2): 167-72.
Stohs SJ, Bagchi D. Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of metal ions. Free Rad Biol Med 1995;18:321 -36.
Suphanithasnaporn B. Dietary intake of lead and cadmium of Thai adults in Ubonratchathani. Master thesis in Science, Graduate School, Mahidol University, 1995.
Suprapan R. Dietary intake of lead and cadmium in Thai adults in Bangkok area. Master Thesis in Science, Graduate School, Mahidol University, 1991.
Thammavit W, Moore MA, Hiaso Y, Ito N. Generation of high yields of Syrian hamster cholangiocellular carcinomas and hepato cellular nodules by combined nitrite and aminopyrine administration and Opisthorchis viverinii infection. Jpn J cancer Res. 1988; 79: 909-16.
Viljoen AJ, Tappe! AL. Interactions of selenium and cadmium with metallothionein-like and other cytosolic proteins of rat-kidney and liver J Inorg Biochem. 1988;34:277-90.
Vongbuddhapitak A. Contamination of Thai food during BE 2530-2534. J Med Sci. 1993; 36(1): 19-30.
Waalkes MP. Cadmium carcinogenesis in review. J Inorg Biochem. 2000; 79(1-4): 241-4.
Wahba ZZ, Coogan TP, Rhodes SW, Waalkes MP: Protective effect of selenium on cadmium toxicity in rats: role of altered toxicokinetics and metallothionein. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1993;38:171-82.
Ward JR, Peters T. Free radicals. In Devlin MT (editor). Biochemistry with clinical correlations. 3rd Willey Liss Inc 1994; 765-75.
WHO guidelines on development consumer information on proper use of traditional, complementary and alternative medicine. 2004, Geneva, World Health Organization.
WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants. Vol 1. 1999. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Wlodarczyk B, Biemacki B, Minta M, Kozaczynski พ, Juszkiewicz T. Male golden hamster in male reproductive toxicology testing: assessment of protective activity of selenium in acute cadmium intoxication. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 1995; 54: 907-12.
Zhong Z, Troll W, Koenig KL, Frenkel K. Carcinogenic sulfide salts of nickel and cadmium induce H2O2 formation by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Cancer Res. 1990; 20:7564-70.