Evaluation of Clinical Efficacy and Skin Irritation of a Topical Triphala Serum in Healthy Volunteers
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Abstract
Introduction: Triphala consists of the fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz., Terminalia bellirica Roxb., and Phyllanthus emblica Linn. The previous articles revealed that Triphala extract possessed antioxidant, inhibition of melanin synthesis, and anti-collagenase enzyme effects. The aim of this study was to develop topical Triphala serum and to investigate its effectiveness of the Triphala serum on skin parameters in healthy volunteers. Moreover, the skin irritation of the volunteers were also observed. Materials and methods: Triphala ethanolic extract was analyzed total phenolic content by using Folin-Ciocalteu assay and antioxidant activity by using DPPH assay. Triphala serum formulations were developed. Their physical and chemical stabilities were studied. Then, the serums in three concentrations of Triphala extract (0.5, 1.0, and 5.0%) were studied its effectiveness on skin parameters by using Multi-probe Adapter and Skin Visiometer® in healthy volunteers (n=31) after using the products for 30 days consecutively. In addition, the skin irritation was observed. Results: The Triphala extract had total phenolic content of 0.75 ± 0.02 mg GAE/mg extract. The concentration of Triphala that inhibited oxidation reaction of 50% (IC50) was 50.89 ± 0.60 µg/mL. In clinical study, both of 1.0 and 5.0% concentrations significantly reduced the melanin content comparing to serum base after using the Triphala serum for 30 days. However, Triphala serum showed no significant difference on skin wrinkles and skin smoothness after using for 30 days. In safety assessment, there was no report of skin irritation in all volunteers throughout this study. Conclusion: The developed topical Triphala serum at the concentration of 1.0 and 5.0% successfully decreased melanin content and showed no skin irritation after using for 30 days in clinical study.
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