Level of leadership, leadership development in pharmacy schools and Predicting factors of sixth year pharmacy students’ leadership
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Abstract
Leadership is one of essential competencies for pharmacy professionals which can be developed throughout pharmacy school. Some pharmacy schools have developed and provided elective leadership courses to their students. In Thailand, leadership and practice management is also one of required professional standards of hospital pharmacists. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate sixth year pharmacy students’ leadership and involving factors. Methods: The objectives of this analytical and cross-sectional study were to study leadership level in sixth year pharmacy students, influencing factors among 4 public pharmacy schools in the central region of Thailand and pharmacy curricula. There were 526 questionnaires distributed and 387 questionnaires were returned which meant 73.57% response. Four pharmacy curricula were collected and reviewed to evaluate courses and way to leadership development. Descriptive statistics, T-test, One-way ANOVA, and Least Significant Difference (LSD) and Multiple Regression Analysis were performed to analyze quantitative data. Data extraction method was used to analyze qualitative data. Results: Sixth year pharmacy students among 4 pharmacy schools had average score in leadership in high level (3.96 ± 0.42). About 39.79% of them experienced working as a leader during period of education. Perceptions, attitudes toward leadership and gender were three factors that can be used to predict leadership level 26.40%. Many communication and management courses are available in the pharmacy curriculum. There were 17 – 23 credits throughout pharmacy curricula. But official leadership courses are not available in any pharmacy school. Students developed their leadership skill by learning activities in the classroom. Conclusion: Leadership courses and various learning activities should be implemented in pharmacy curricula in order to shape pharmacy students’ attitudes and perceptions on leadership development and continuously develop their leadership skills.
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