Comparison of Metabolic Syndrome Incidence Among Schizophrenia Patients Treated with Typical Antipsychotics Versus Atypical Antipsychotics
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Abstract
Introduction: People who are experiencing to be schizophrenia are found to take a risk in mortality approximately 2-3 times compared with general population resulting from cardiovascular disease. Moreover, schizophrenia has been indicated to be associated with metabolic syndrome. As a result of metabolic syndrome is more likely to link to cardiovascular disease. The objectives of this study were to find the incidence of metabolic syndrome resulting from atypical antipsychotics comparing with typical antispychotics and to determine risk factors which related to metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: A cohort study was used to find out the results in this research. Participants were 39 patients who have been diagnosed and treated with antipsychotics during the 1st May 2011 to the 30th April 2012 from Prasrimahabhodi Psychiatric Hospital. They were investigated by laboratory for testing glucose, high density lipoprotein, triglyceride, measuring blood pressure and waist circumference. They were tested for setting to be baseline in the first time and then compared with the result of test on three months during study were period. Updated ATP III and IDF 2005 were used to be standard measurement in this study. Results: The results of this study found that the incident of metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia patients who had been treated with atypical antipsychotics according to Updated ATP III were 18.88 percent while incident of metabolic syndrome in typical antipsychotics was shown accounting for 5.88 percent. The result from comparing between atypical and typical antipsychotics indicated relative risk accounting for 3.09 (95% CI= 0.38-25.19). The incident of metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia patients who had been treated with atypical antipsychotics according to Updated IDF 2005 were 16.77 percent but not found the incident of metabolic syndrome in typical antipsychotics. There was not any risk factor related to metabolic syndrome including gender, marginal status, education, occupation, health right, family history, alcohol drinking, smoking and type of antipsychotics. Conclusions: Although the relative risk did not show statistical significance, atypical antipsychotics had a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome when compared to typical antipsychotics. Thus, baseline and routine follow-up of metabolic parameters are recommended for patients taking atypical antipsychotics.
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