ผลของโปรแกรมสร้างเสริมความรู้สึกมีคุณค่าในตนเองต่อภาวะซึมเศร้าในผู้สูงอายุโรคเรื้อรังในชุมชน

Patsara Weerapong; Plernpit Boonyamalik; Patcharaporn  Kerdmongkol

Authors

Patsara Weerapong Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University
Plernpit Boonyamalik Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University
Patcharaporn Kerdmongkol Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University

Abstract

This study employed a quasi-experimental research, two group pretest–posttest with follow-up design. The objectives were to compare the mean self-esteem and depression scores before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and at a 2-week follow-up, among community-dwelling older adults with chronic diseases. Participants were divided into two groups: one received a self-esteem improvement program in addition to routine care, while the other received routine nursing care only. The sample consisted of elderly individuals aged 60 - 69 years in Nakhon Nayok Province, who had been diagnosed with hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus and exhibited mild to moderate depression. Participants were recruited by simple random sampling into 27 participants per group. The research instrument was the self-esteem improvement program, conducted over a six-week period. Data collection tools included: 1) The Thai Geriatric Depression Scale, with a content validity index (CVI) of .83 and a Kuder-Richardson 20 (KR20) reliability coefficient of .83, and 2) The Self-Esteem Scale, with a CVI of .84 and a KR21 of .77. Data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics, t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA. The level of statistical significance was set at .05.

The results showed that the experimental group had significantly higher mean self-esteem scores across all three time points (pretest, posttest, and follow-up) (p < .05), and significantly higher scores than the comparison group (p < .05). Additionally, their mean depression scores decreased significantly across the same time points (p < .05), and were also significantly lower than those of the comparison group (p < .05).

In conclusion, the self-esteem improvement program can be employed as a mental health promotion strategy for community-dwelling older adults among chronic diseases and depression.

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