ผลของการออกกำลังกายโดยใช้แรงต้านแบบเกร็งค้างด้วยมือต่อความดันโลหิตในผู้สูงอายุที่มีภาวะความดันโลหิตสูงระดับที่ 1

Puntipa Thuamthai; Thassanate  Phuttaraksa; Nutsuda  Saengboon; Sunee  Suwanpasu

Authors

Puntipa Thuamthai King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society
Thassanate Phuttaraksa King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society
Nutsuda Saengboon King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society
Sunee Suwanpasu Faculty of Nursing, Saun Dusit University

Keywords:

handgrip exercise, elderly, grade 1 hypertension

Abstract

This study was a randomized controlled trial that aimed to compare changes in mean blood pressure levels among elderly patients with grade 1 hypertension between a group that performed handgrip exercises using resistance equivalent to 30% of their maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) and a group that used a rubber ball for resistance. The sample consisted of 105 elderly patients with grade 1 hypertension from the outpatient department of the Phor Por Ror Building, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society. Participants were randomly assigned to 3 groups: 2 experimental groups and 1 control group. The first experimental group held the contraction for 2 minutes, followed by a 1-minute rest, repeated 4 times per session, twice a day, 3 days per week. The second experimental group held the contraction for 1 minute, followed by a 1-minute rest, repeated 4 times per session, twice a day, 5 days per week. The control group received routine care. Data were collected using handgrip strength measurements and daily blood pressure logs. The data were analyzed using one-sample t-tests and ANCOVA.

The findings revealed that the mean systolic blood pressure in experimental group 1 decreased significantly after the intervention (p < .05). However, the mean diastolic blood pressure showed only a slight reduction compared to pre-intervention, with no statistical significance (p > .05). In experimental group 2, both the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels significantly decreased after the intervention (p < .05). Similarly, the control group exhibited a significant reduction in both mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p < .05). When controlling for the influence of gender on mean blood pressure across the three study groups, it was found that gender significantly affected the reduction in mean systolic blood pressure in both experimental groups compared to the control group (p < .05). However, gender had no significant effect on mean diastolic blood pressure (p > .05).

In conclusion, the 8-week exercise program utilizing the MANUGRIP handgrip exercise device at 30% of MVC effectively reduced systolic blood pressure levels in elderly patients with grade 1 hypertension.

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References

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