FACTORS RELATED TO SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIORS AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT
Keywords:
sexual risk behaviors, high school students, hearing impairmentAbstract
This cross-sectional study was designed to examine sexual risk behaviors among high school students with hearing impairment, and explore the relationship between predisposing factors, enabling factors, reinforcing factors, and sexual risk behaviors among high school students with hearing impairment in accordance with Precede-Proceed Model. The subjects were 92 high school students with hearing impairment who were studying in Mathayomsuksa 4-6 at School for the Deaf located in the southern region of Thailand. The samples were selected by purposive sampling based on the inclusion criteria. Data were collected by using 7 questionnaires as follows: 1) personal information, 2) attitudes towards sexuality, 3) perceived self-efficacy to avoid sexual risk behaviors, 4) sexual media accessibility, consisting of 4.1) channels of accessing sexual media and 4.2) convenience in accessing sexual media, 5) behaviors leading to sexual intercourse, 6) influence of friends, and 7) sexual risk behaviors. The 2nd – 7th questionnaires had the content validity test, resulting in a 1.00 CVI value. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of instruments were .72, .71, .75, .80, .77, .72 and .83, respectively. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, namely, frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. The relationship was analyzed by using Spearman’s Rank Correlation, and Chi-square test.
The findings of this study revealed that the samples had the lowest mean scores of sexual risk behaviors (M = 1.58, SD = .70). Factors that were positively related to sexual risk behaviors with a .05 level of statistical significance included the following: 1) attitudes towards sexuality, 2) channels of accessing sexual media, 3) convenience in accessing sexual media, 4) behaviors leading to sexual intercourse, and 5) influence of friends (rS = .218, rS = .316, rS = .236, rS = .615, and rS = .445, respectively). However, age, gender, school record, pocket money from parents, and perceived self-efficacy to avoid sexual risk behaviors were not related to sexual risk behaviors (p > .05) Therefore, community nurses, public health technical officers, and teachers could utilize the results of this study to develop guidelines or programs for preventing or mitigating sexual risk behaviors among high school students with hearing impairment in the future.
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