Effect of drinking-water temperature reduction on physiological adaptation and complete blood count in Sap PSU.1 goat under heat stress
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Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of drinking-water temperature on physiological changes under heat stress in four non-pregnant Sap PSU.1 breed female goats.
Materials and Methods: The trial lasted two weeks: in week 1 (control), goats received ambient-temperature water (26±2°C), and in week 2 they received cold water (21±2°C). Animals were turned out to an outdoor paddock for 6 hours per day. Drinking behavior, respiratory rate, heart rate, pulse rate, rectal temperature, and hematological variables—packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (N/LR)—were recorded.
Results: Body weight increased over the study. The temperature-humidity index (THI) indicated mild and moderate heat stress, and goats consumed more water in the evening. Providing cold water significantly reduced respiratory rate, heart rate, pulse rate, and rectal temperature during the period of peak heat exposure (14:00–22:00 h). PCV, RBC, and WBC did not differ significantly, whereas the N/L ratio was significantly higher than in the control (p < 0.0001).
Conclusion: These findings indicate that providing cold water is an effective approach to alleviating heat stress in Sap PSU.1 female goats, modulating physiological responses without significantly affecting hematological indices.
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References
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