Epidemiology of Streptococcus suis in pork meat, pig’s organs, and samples from pigs collected from farms in Khon Kaen Province: Molecular serotyping and antibiotic susceptibility
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Abstract
Objective: To survey, classify serotypes, and test for antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus suis in edible pig meat and organs and in pigs on farms.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted in Khon Kaen Province between June 2019 and December 2020. A total of 417 samples were collected, including pig meat sold at markets (n = 200), edible pig organs (n = 120), oral swabs of piglets (n = 15), oral swabs of nursery pigs (n = 13), vaginal swabs of sows (n = 11), and stillborn pigs (n = 58). Bacterial culture was performed on the samples, followed by molecular identification, molecular serotyping, and antibiotic disc diffusion tests against 14 drugs (7 antibiotic groups).
Results: S. suis was found in pork (6/200; 3%), edible pig organs (14/120; 11.7%), oral cavity of piglets (1/15; 6.7%), oral cavity of nursery pigs (1/13; 7.7%), and stillborn pigs (8/58; 13.6%), but the bacterium was not found in samples from the sow's vagina. The most common strain was serotype 2 (n = 16), followed by serotype 7 (n = 6), serotype 9 (n = 6), and other serotypes (n = 2) that were not classified in this study. Among the 30 isolates, most were susceptible to Penicillins, Cephalosporins, and Fluoroquinolones but resistant to Erythromycin, Kanamycin, and Oxytetracycline.
Conclusion: Consumption of pork sold in Khon Kaen has a relatively low risk of S. suis infection because of low contamination rates. S. suis detection in pigs’ organs and live pigs, on the other hand, indicates S. suis infections in the pigs. In addition, the presence of S. suis in the oral cavity of live pigs suggests an oronasal transmission route, which can easily occur in intensive pig production systems. The dominant serotype 2 (or 1/2) found in this study indicates widespread infection among pigs and consequent pork contamination by this strain.
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