Malondialdehyde levels in Canine Appendicular Osteosarcoma
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Published:
Aug 17, 2018
Keywords:
dog malondialdehyde osteosarcoma
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objective: To compare serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels between clinically healthy dogs and dogs suffering from spontaneous appendicular osteosarcoma.
Materials and Method: Blood samples were obtained from 18 healthy dogs and 18 dogs with spontaneous appendicular osteosarcoma at Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Khon Kaen University. The final diagnosis of appendicular osteosarcoma was determined from histopathological findings. MDA levels were measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive substance assay. Packed cell volume, hemoglobin, red blood cell count and white blood cell count were measured using an automatic analyzer. Platelet estimation was done under the oil immersion lens of a microscope. Creatinine and ALT were measured using an automatic blood chemistry. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Parametric data were determined using the independent-sample T test. Values of P<0.01 were considered significant.
Results: Serum MDA levels were significantly higher in the appendicular osteosarcoma group than in clinically healthy dogs (P<0.001). Mean MDA level was 10.64±1.98 μmol/L in the appendicular osteosarcoma group and 4.30±0.49 μmol/L in the clinically healthy group. Packed cell volume (34.16±6.23% vs 46.66±6.08%), hemoglobin (11.92±2.08 g% vs 15.93±2.15 g%) and red blood cells (5.55±1.70 (×1012/L) vs 8.35±1.04 (×1012/L)) were all significantly lower in cancer group than in control group. Platelet estimations were adequate in both groups. White blood cell count, creatinine and alanine aminotransferase levels were not significantly different between both groups.
Conclusions: This study sustains the assumption that oxidative stress is associated with osteosarcoma in dogs, as serum MDA levels were significantly higher in appendicular osteosarcoma-bearing dogs compared to clinically healthy dogs.
Article Details
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Research articles
References
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Bekerecioglu, N., Asla, R., Ugras, S., Kutluhan, A., Sekeroglu, R., Akpolat, N., Karakok, M., 1998. Malondialdehyde levels in serum of patients with skin cancer. Eur.J.Plast.Surg. 21, 227-229.
Bennett, D., Campbell, J.R., Brown, P., 1979. Osteosarcoma associated with healed fractures. The Journal of small animal practice 20, 13-18.
Birben, E., Sahiner, U.M., Sackesen, C., Erzurum, S., Kalayci, O., 2012. Oxidative stress and antioxidant defense. The World Allergy Organization journal 5, 9-19.
Chole, R.H., Patil, R.N., Basak, A., Palandurkar, K., Bhowate, R., 2010. Estimation of serum malondialdehyde in oral cancer and precancer and its association with healthy individuals, gender, alcohol, and tobacco abuse. Journal of cancer research and therapeutics 6, 487-491.
Cutler, R.G., 1991. Human longevity and aging: possible role of reactive oxygen species. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 621, 1-28.
de Souza, A., Borges, O., 2018. Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Dogs. Appro Poult Dairy & Vet Sci 3, 1-2.
Dernell, W., Ehrhart, N., Straw, R., Vail, D. 2007. Withrow & MacEwen’s Small Animal Clinical Oncology, In: Withrow, S., Vail, D. (Eds.) Tumors of the skeletal system. Saunders Elsevier, Missouri, 540-582.
Diehn, M., Cho, R.W., Lobo, N.A., Kalisky, T., Dorie, M.J., Kulp, A.N., Qian, D., Lam, J.S., Ailles, L.E., Wong, M., Joshua, B., Kaplan, M.J., Wapnir, I., Dirbas, F.M., Somlo, G., Garberoglio, C., Paz, B., Shen, J., Lau, S.K., Quake, S.R., Brown, J.M., Weissman, I.L., Clarke, M.F., 2009. Association of reactive oxygen species levels and radioresistance in cancer stem cells. Nature 458, 780-783.
Endicott, M., 2003. Principles of treatment for osteosarcoma. Clinical techniques in small animal practice 18, 110-114.
Fenger, J.M., London, C.A., Kisseberth, W.C., 2014. Canine osteosarcoma: a naturally occurring disease to inform pediatric oncology. ILAR journal 55, 69-85.
Frenkel, K., 1992. Carcinogen-mediated oxidant formation and oxidative DNA damage. Pharmacology & therapeutics 53, 127-166.
Gellasch, K.L., Kalscheur, V.L., Clayton, M.K., Muir, P., 2002. Fatigue microdamage in the radial predilection site for osteosarcoma in dogs. American journal of veterinary research 63, 896-899.
Ginel, P.J., Novales, M., Molleda, J.M., Perez, J., Mozos, E., 1996. Mandibular fibroblastic osteosarcoma in a three-month-old dog. The Veterinary record 139, 120-121.
Gonenc, A., Ozkan, Y., Torun, M., Simsek, B., 2001. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in breast and lung cancer patients. Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics 26, 141-144.
Gu, W., Weihrauch, D., Tanaka, K., Tessmer, J.P., Pagel, P.S., Kersten, J.R., Chilian, W.M., Warltier, D.C., 2003. Reactive oxygen species are critical mediators of coronary collateral development in a canine model. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 285, H1582-1589.
Halliwell, B., 1997. Antioxidants and human disease: a general introduction. Nutrition reviews 55, S44-49; discussion S49-52.
Jacob, R.A., Burri, B.J., 1996. Oxidative damage and defense. The American journal of clinical nutrition 63, 985S-990S.
Kang, D., Hamasaki, N., 2005. Alterations of mitochondrial DNA in common diseases and disease states: aging, neurodegeneration, heart failure, diabetes, and cancer. Current medicinal chemistry 12, 429-441.
Karihtala, P., Soini, Y., 2007. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant mechanisms in human tissues and their relation to malignancies. APMIS 115, 81-103.
Kong, Q., Beel, J.A., Lillehei, K.O., 2000. A threshold concept for cancer therapy. Medical hypotheses 55, 29-35.
Leiris, J., 2003. Biochemistry of free radical. . Heart Metab 19, 40-44.
Macotpet, A., Suksawat, F., Sukon, P., Pimpakdee, K., Pattarapanwichien, E., Tangrassameeprasert, R., Boonsiri, P., 2013. Oxidative stress in cancer-bearing dogs assessed by measuring serum malondialdehyde. BMC veterinary research 9, 101.
McNeill, C.J., Overley, B., Shofer, F.S., Kent, M.S., Clifford, C.A., Samluk, M., Haney, S., Van Winkle, T.J., Sorenmo, K.U., 2007. Characterization of the biological behaviour of appendicular osteosarcoma in Rottweilers and a comparison with other breeds: a review of 258 dogs. Veterinary and comparative oncology 5, 90-98.
Morello, E., Martano, M., Buracco, P., 2011. Biology, diagnosis and treatment of canine appendicular osteosarcoma: similarities and differences with human osteosarcoma. Veterinary journal 189, 268-277.
Nielsen, F., Mikkelsen, B.B., Nielsen, J.B., Andersen, H.R., Grandjean, P., 1997. Plasma malondialdehyde as biomarker for oxidative stress: reference interval and effects of life-style factors. Clinical chemistry 43, 1209-1214.
Paskalev, M., 2009. Time course of serum malondialdehyde concentrations as a marker of oxidative stress in experimental canine osteotomies fixed by two different techniques. Comp Clin Pathol 18, 265-268.
Peddireddy, V., Siva Prasad, B., Gundimeda, S.D., Penagaluru, P.R., Mundluru, H.P., 2012. Assessment of 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine and malondialdehyde levels as oxidative stress markers and antioxidant status in non-small cell lung cancer. Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals 17, 261-268.
Rosenberger, J.A., Pablo, N.V., Crawford, P.C., 2007. Prevalence of and intrinsic risk factors for appendicular osteosarcoma in dogs: 179 cases (1996-2005). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 231, 1076-1080.
Rungsipipat, A., Ousawaphlangchai, L., Sailasuta, A., Thanawongnuwech, R., Teankum, K., 2003. Canine tumor in Bangkok. Thai J Vet Med 33, 59-66.
Sato, R., Inanami, O., Syuto, B., Sato, J., Kuwabara, M., Naito, Y., 2003. The plasma superoxide scavenging activity in canine cancer and hepatic disease. The Journal of veterinary medical science 65, 465-469.
Selmic, L.E., Ryan, S.D., Boston, S.E., Liptak, J.M., Culp, W.T., Sartor, A.J., Prpich, C.Y., Withrow, S.J., 2014. Osteosarcoma following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy in dogs: 29 cases (1997-2011). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 244, 1053-1059.
Sharifi, N., 2009. Commentary: Antioxidants for cancer: new tricks for an old dog? The oncologist 14, 213-215.
Sies, H., Stahl, W., Sundquist, A.R., 1992. Antioxidant functions of vitamins. Vitamins E and C, beta-carotene, and other carotenoids. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 669, 7-20.
Sinibaldi, K., Rosen, H., Liu, S.K., DeAngelis, M., 1976. Tumors associated with metallic implants in animals. Clinical orthopaedics and related research, 257-266.
Solov'ev Iu, N., Mitin, V.N., Garanin, D.V., Frolov, V.I., 1998. [Secondary osteosarcoma (in a dog) after bone fracture healed on the secondary type]. Arkhiv patologii 60, 41-44.
Stevenson, S., 1991. Fracture-associated sarcomas. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice 21, 859-872.
Stevenson, S., Hohn, R.B., Pohler, O.E., Fetter, A.W., Olmstead, M.L., Wind, A.P., 1982. Fracture-associated sarcoma in the dog. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 180, 1189-1196.
Straw, R.C., Withrow, S.J., Powers, B.E., 1990. Management of canine appendicular osteosarcoma. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice 20, 1141-1161.
Szczubial, M., Kankofer, M., Lopuszynski, W., Dabrowski, R., Lipko, J., 2004. Oxidative stress parameters in bitches with mammary gland tumours. Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine 51, 336-340.
Torun, M., Yardim, S., Gonenc, A., Sargin, H., Menevse, A., Simsek, B., 1995. Serum beta-carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C and malondialdehyde levels in several types of cancer. Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics 20, 259-263.
Vaca, C.E., Wilhelm, J., Harms-Ringdahl, M., 1988. Interaction of lipid peroxidation products with DNA. A review. Mutation research 195, 137-149.
Valko, M., Morris, H., Mazur, M., Rapta, P., Bilton, R.F., 2001. Oxygen free radical generating mechanisms in the colon: do the semiquinones of vitamin K play a role in the aetiology of colon cancer? Biochimica et biophysica acta 1527, 161-166.
Van der Paal, J., Neyts, E.C., Verlackt, C.C.W., Bogaerts, A., 2016. Effect of lipid peroxidation on membrane permeability of cancer and normal cells subjected to oxidative stress. Chemical science 7, 489-498.
Winter, J.L., Barber, L.G., Freeman, L., Griessmayr, P.C., Milbury, P.E., Blumberg, J.B., 2009. Antioxidant status and biomarkers of oxidative stress in dogs with lymphoma. Journal of veterinary internal medicine 23, 311-316.
Wong, S.H., Knight, J.A., Hopfer, S.M., Zaharia, O., Leach, C.N., Jr., Sunderman, F.W., Jr., 1987. Lipoperoxides in plasma as measured by liquid-chromatographic separation of malondialdehyde-thiobarbituric acid adduct. Clinical chemistry 33, 214-220.
Bekerecioglu, N., Asla, R., Ugras, S., Kutluhan, A., Sekeroglu, R., Akpolat, N., Karakok, M., 1998. Malondialdehyde levels in serum of patients with skin cancer. Eur.J.Plast.Surg. 21, 227-229.
Bennett, D., Campbell, J.R., Brown, P., 1979. Osteosarcoma associated with healed fractures. The Journal of small animal practice 20, 13-18.
Birben, E., Sahiner, U.M., Sackesen, C., Erzurum, S., Kalayci, O., 2012. Oxidative stress and antioxidant defense. The World Allergy Organization journal 5, 9-19.
Chole, R.H., Patil, R.N., Basak, A., Palandurkar, K., Bhowate, R., 2010. Estimation of serum malondialdehyde in oral cancer and precancer and its association with healthy individuals, gender, alcohol, and tobacco abuse. Journal of cancer research and therapeutics 6, 487-491.
Cutler, R.G., 1991. Human longevity and aging: possible role of reactive oxygen species. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 621, 1-28.
de Souza, A., Borges, O., 2018. Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Dogs. Appro Poult Dairy & Vet Sci 3, 1-2.
Dernell, W., Ehrhart, N., Straw, R., Vail, D. 2007. Withrow & MacEwen’s Small Animal Clinical Oncology, In: Withrow, S., Vail, D. (Eds.) Tumors of the skeletal system. Saunders Elsevier, Missouri, 540-582.
Diehn, M., Cho, R.W., Lobo, N.A., Kalisky, T., Dorie, M.J., Kulp, A.N., Qian, D., Lam, J.S., Ailles, L.E., Wong, M., Joshua, B., Kaplan, M.J., Wapnir, I., Dirbas, F.M., Somlo, G., Garberoglio, C., Paz, B., Shen, J., Lau, S.K., Quake, S.R., Brown, J.M., Weissman, I.L., Clarke, M.F., 2009. Association of reactive oxygen species levels and radioresistance in cancer stem cells. Nature 458, 780-783.
Endicott, M., 2003. Principles of treatment for osteosarcoma. Clinical techniques in small animal practice 18, 110-114.
Fenger, J.M., London, C.A., Kisseberth, W.C., 2014. Canine osteosarcoma: a naturally occurring disease to inform pediatric oncology. ILAR journal 55, 69-85.
Frenkel, K., 1992. Carcinogen-mediated oxidant formation and oxidative DNA damage. Pharmacology & therapeutics 53, 127-166.
Gellasch, K.L., Kalscheur, V.L., Clayton, M.K., Muir, P., 2002. Fatigue microdamage in the radial predilection site for osteosarcoma in dogs. American journal of veterinary research 63, 896-899.
Ginel, P.J., Novales, M., Molleda, J.M., Perez, J., Mozos, E., 1996. Mandibular fibroblastic osteosarcoma in a three-month-old dog. The Veterinary record 139, 120-121.
Gonenc, A., Ozkan, Y., Torun, M., Simsek, B., 2001. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in breast and lung cancer patients. Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics 26, 141-144.
Gu, W., Weihrauch, D., Tanaka, K., Tessmer, J.P., Pagel, P.S., Kersten, J.R., Chilian, W.M., Warltier, D.C., 2003. Reactive oxygen species are critical mediators of coronary collateral development in a canine model. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 285, H1582-1589.
Halliwell, B., 1997. Antioxidants and human disease: a general introduction. Nutrition reviews 55, S44-49; discussion S49-52.
Jacob, R.A., Burri, B.J., 1996. Oxidative damage and defense. The American journal of clinical nutrition 63, 985S-990S.
Kang, D., Hamasaki, N., 2005. Alterations of mitochondrial DNA in common diseases and disease states: aging, neurodegeneration, heart failure, diabetes, and cancer. Current medicinal chemistry 12, 429-441.
Karihtala, P., Soini, Y., 2007. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant mechanisms in human tissues and their relation to malignancies. APMIS 115, 81-103.
Kong, Q., Beel, J.A., Lillehei, K.O., 2000. A threshold concept for cancer therapy. Medical hypotheses 55, 29-35.
Leiris, J., 2003. Biochemistry of free radical. . Heart Metab 19, 40-44.
Macotpet, A., Suksawat, F., Sukon, P., Pimpakdee, K., Pattarapanwichien, E., Tangrassameeprasert, R., Boonsiri, P., 2013. Oxidative stress in cancer-bearing dogs assessed by measuring serum malondialdehyde. BMC veterinary research 9, 101.
McNeill, C.J., Overley, B., Shofer, F.S., Kent, M.S., Clifford, C.A., Samluk, M., Haney, S., Van Winkle, T.J., Sorenmo, K.U., 2007. Characterization of the biological behaviour of appendicular osteosarcoma in Rottweilers and a comparison with other breeds: a review of 258 dogs. Veterinary and comparative oncology 5, 90-98.
Morello, E., Martano, M., Buracco, P., 2011. Biology, diagnosis and treatment of canine appendicular osteosarcoma: similarities and differences with human osteosarcoma. Veterinary journal 189, 268-277.
Nielsen, F., Mikkelsen, B.B., Nielsen, J.B., Andersen, H.R., Grandjean, P., 1997. Plasma malondialdehyde as biomarker for oxidative stress: reference interval and effects of life-style factors. Clinical chemistry 43, 1209-1214.
Paskalev, M., 2009. Time course of serum malondialdehyde concentrations as a marker of oxidative stress in experimental canine osteotomies fixed by two different techniques. Comp Clin Pathol 18, 265-268.
Peddireddy, V., Siva Prasad, B., Gundimeda, S.D., Penagaluru, P.R., Mundluru, H.P., 2012. Assessment of 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine and malondialdehyde levels as oxidative stress markers and antioxidant status in non-small cell lung cancer. Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals 17, 261-268.
Rosenberger, J.A., Pablo, N.V., Crawford, P.C., 2007. Prevalence of and intrinsic risk factors for appendicular osteosarcoma in dogs: 179 cases (1996-2005). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 231, 1076-1080.
Rungsipipat, A., Ousawaphlangchai, L., Sailasuta, A., Thanawongnuwech, R., Teankum, K., 2003. Canine tumor in Bangkok. Thai J Vet Med 33, 59-66.
Sato, R., Inanami, O., Syuto, B., Sato, J., Kuwabara, M., Naito, Y., 2003. The plasma superoxide scavenging activity in canine cancer and hepatic disease. The Journal of veterinary medical science 65, 465-469.
Selmic, L.E., Ryan, S.D., Boston, S.E., Liptak, J.M., Culp, W.T., Sartor, A.J., Prpich, C.Y., Withrow, S.J., 2014. Osteosarcoma following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy in dogs: 29 cases (1997-2011). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 244, 1053-1059.
Sharifi, N., 2009. Commentary: Antioxidants for cancer: new tricks for an old dog? The oncologist 14, 213-215.
Sies, H., Stahl, W., Sundquist, A.R., 1992. Antioxidant functions of vitamins. Vitamins E and C, beta-carotene, and other carotenoids. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 669, 7-20.
Sinibaldi, K., Rosen, H., Liu, S.K., DeAngelis, M., 1976. Tumors associated with metallic implants in animals. Clinical orthopaedics and related research, 257-266.
Solov'ev Iu, N., Mitin, V.N., Garanin, D.V., Frolov, V.I., 1998. [Secondary osteosarcoma (in a dog) after bone fracture healed on the secondary type]. Arkhiv patologii 60, 41-44.
Stevenson, S., 1991. Fracture-associated sarcomas. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice 21, 859-872.
Stevenson, S., Hohn, R.B., Pohler, O.E., Fetter, A.W., Olmstead, M.L., Wind, A.P., 1982. Fracture-associated sarcoma in the dog. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 180, 1189-1196.
Straw, R.C., Withrow, S.J., Powers, B.E., 1990. Management of canine appendicular osteosarcoma. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice 20, 1141-1161.
Szczubial, M., Kankofer, M., Lopuszynski, W., Dabrowski, R., Lipko, J., 2004. Oxidative stress parameters in bitches with mammary gland tumours. Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine 51, 336-340.
Torun, M., Yardim, S., Gonenc, A., Sargin, H., Menevse, A., Simsek, B., 1995. Serum beta-carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C and malondialdehyde levels in several types of cancer. Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics 20, 259-263.
Vaca, C.E., Wilhelm, J., Harms-Ringdahl, M., 1988. Interaction of lipid peroxidation products with DNA. A review. Mutation research 195, 137-149.
Valko, M., Morris, H., Mazur, M., Rapta, P., Bilton, R.F., 2001. Oxygen free radical generating mechanisms in the colon: do the semiquinones of vitamin K play a role in the aetiology of colon cancer? Biochimica et biophysica acta 1527, 161-166.
Van der Paal, J., Neyts, E.C., Verlackt, C.C.W., Bogaerts, A., 2016. Effect of lipid peroxidation on membrane permeability of cancer and normal cells subjected to oxidative stress. Chemical science 7, 489-498.
Winter, J.L., Barber, L.G., Freeman, L., Griessmayr, P.C., Milbury, P.E., Blumberg, J.B., 2009. Antioxidant status and biomarkers of oxidative stress in dogs with lymphoma. Journal of veterinary internal medicine 23, 311-316.
Wong, S.H., Knight, J.A., Hopfer, S.M., Zaharia, O., Leach, C.N., Jr., Sunderman, F.W., Jr., 1987. Lipoperoxides in plasma as measured by liquid-chromatographic separation of malondialdehyde-thiobarbituric acid adduct. Clinical chemistry 33, 214-220.