The Prevalence and Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Anemia among Pregnant Women Attending Prenatal Care for the First Time at Mae Sot Hospital in Tak Province
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This cross-sectional descriptive research aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with anemia in pregnant women who received prenatal care services for the first time at Mae Sot Hospital, Tak Province. A sample group of 508 women was selected from medical records and hospital databases using data recording forms. General obstetrics and outcome data were included. Content validity was verified at .90 Data were collected between October 1, 2021, to September 30, 2022. Descriptive statistics were employed for data analysis, and relationships between factors were compared using the Chi-square test. Predictive factors were identified through Multiple Logistic Regression analysis.
The study’s results revealed that an anemia prevalence was 26.18% (133 out of the total pregnant women). The normal body mass index was a factor that reduced the risk of anemia. (OR = .49; 95%CI .31 - .78, p-value = .002). Factors that increased the risk of anemia including prenatal care for more than 12 weeks of pregnancy (OR = 3.63; 95%CI 2.33 - 5.64, p-value < .001) and being a carrier of thalassemia (OR = 3.02; 95%CI 1.96 - 4.65, p-value < .001). Recommendations from the results were that nurses in an antenatal care department should develop strategies to encourage pregnant women to avail antenatal services before the 12th week of pregnancy. Simultaneously, they should focus on promoting nutritional status that aligns with the specified criteria to decrease the likelihood of anemia during pregnancy.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Hasan MM, Magalhaes RJS, Garnett SP, Fatima Y, Tariqujjaman M, Pervin S, et al. Anaemia in women of reproductive age in low-and middle-income countries: progress towards the 2025 global nutrition target. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2022;100(3):196-204. doi: 10.2471/BLT.20.280180.
Department of Health Ministry of Public Health. Health promotion and environmental health surveillance annual report 2021 [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2023 Dec 20]. Available from: https://planning.anamai.moph.go.th/th/annual-surveillance-doh/3829 (in Thai)
Khampila W, Thitiyarnviroj B, Raksee S, Manadee P, Tubsai T, Singsiricharoenkul S. Caring for pregnant women with Iron deficiency anemia: the challenging role of nurses. The Journal of Faculty of Nursing Burapha University 2022;30(2):134-42. (in Thai)
Nilphai N. The prevalence and associated factor of anemia in pregnancy in Roi Et hospital, Roi Et province. Journal of Research and Health Innovative Development 2020;1(2):123-35. (in Thai)
Finkelstein JL, Kurpad AV, Bose B, Thomas T, Srinivasan K, Duggan C. Anaemia and iron deficiency in pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes in Southern India. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2020;74(1):112-25. doi: 10.1038/s41430-019-0464-3.
Blackburn S. Maternal, fetal, & neonatal physiology: a clinical perspective. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2017.
Young MF, Oaks BM, Tandon S, Martorell R, Dewey KG, Wendt AS. Maternal hemoglobin concentrations across pregnancy and maternal and child health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2019;1450(1):47-68. doi: 10.1111/nyas.14093.
Arora R, Patumanond J, Chamaiporn T. Anemia in pregnancy at lampang hospital: prevalence, causes and risk factors. Lampang Medical Journal 2009;30(1):28-37. (in Thai)
Boonyaprapapan T, Sangin S, Siriarunrat S. Effects of the educative supportive program on self-care behavior and hematocrit level among pregnant women with Iron deficiency anemia. The Journal of Faculty of Nursing Burapha University 2018;26(4):40-50. (in Thai)
Brannon PM, Taylor CL. Iron supplementation during pregnancy and infancy: uncertainties and implications for research and policy. Nutrients 2017;9(12):1327. doi: 10.3390/nu9121327.
Pavord S, Daru J, Prasannan N, Robinson S, Stanworth S, Girling J. UK guidelines on the management of iron deficiency in pregnancy. British Journal of Haematology 2020;188(6):819-30. doi: 10.1111/bjh.16221.
Lertprasopsuk S, Viriyasirivet B. Prevalence and associated factors of anemia in different periods of pregnancy. Thai Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2023;31(1):56-63. (in Thai)
Patjakrang R, Puttapitukpol S, Thongkhamrod R. Factors related to anemia during pregnancy of muslim women who received delivery services in the community hospitals, Pattani province. Journal of Health Research and Innovation 2022;5(1):10-21. (in Thai)
Yamane T. Statistics: an introductory analysis. 2nd ed. New York: Harper and Row; 1976.
Obstetricians ACo, Gynecologists. Anemia in pregnancy: ACOG practice bulletin, number 233. Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021;138(2):e55-64. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004477.
Pooluea C. The prevalence and associated factors of anemia in pregnancy in Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya hospital, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya province. Journal of Preventive Medicine Association of Thailand 2016;6(1):15-26. (in Thai)
Tunyavinichkul S, Pholwattana T. Development of preventive and corrective care model for anemic pregnant women at public hospital in Chiangmai. Lanna Journal of Health Promotion and Environmental Health 2018;8(1):9-23. (in Thai)
Waeberaheng W, Chatchawet W, Kritcharoen S. Factors influencing eating and taking iron supplement behaviors for anemia prevention in pregnant women. Princess of Naradhiwas University Journal 2019;11(3):15-28. (in Thai)
Aksorn P. Anemia and thalassemia trait in pregnant women attending Sanpatong hospital, Chiang Mai province. Journal of Health Systems Research 2008;2(1):115-21. (in Thai)
Poowung W. The prevalence and associate factors of anemia in mothers delivered in Nongkhai hospital. Nursing, Health, and Education Journal 2020;3(1):18-27. (in Thai)
Wawer AA, Hodyl NA, Fairweather-Tait S, Froessler B. Are pregnant women who are living with overweight or obesity at greater risk of developing iron deficiency/anaemia?. Nutrients 2021;13(5):1572. doi: 10.3390/nu13051572.
Tandu-Umba B, Mbangama AM. Association of maternal anemia with other risk factors in occurrence of great obstetrical syndromes at university clinics, Kinshasa, DR Congo. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2015;15(1):1-6. doi: 10.1186/s12884-015-0623-z.