Health Literacy among Older Adults of Cerebrovascular Risk Group in Community
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Abstract
This explanatory sequential mixed-method study aimed to identify the level of health literacy, the factors influencing a high level of health literacy, and the guidelines for improving health literacy among older adults of the cerebrovascular risk group in the community. For the quantitative study, the samples of 128 older adults with Diabetes Mellitus and hypertension in the Mueang district, Udon Thani Province were purposively selected and 10 older adults were selected for the qualitative study. The instrument was a health literacy questionnaire and the content validation with the Index of Item Object Congruence (IOC) was .87. The reliability was tested by using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, which was .80. In-depth interviews were conducted for content validity of the IOC, which was .70. Quantitative data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analyzed by using content analysis.
The findings revealed that the mean score of health literacy was moderate (Mean = 30.86, SD = 6.72). The key 4 factors influencing the high level of health literacy consisted of 1) personal competence to support the understanding of health information 2) personal motivation 3) family-cousin support and 4) proactive services of health care personnel and village health volunteers. The guidelines for improving health literacy knowledge were as follows: 1) creating opportunities and access to health information 2) improving technology capabilities 3) capacity building 4) support from the organization and 5) creating learning in health literacy. The results can be used as basic information to develop guidelines for health literacy among older adults of cerebrovascular risk groups in the community.
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