Factors Influencing Self-Disclosure of HIV Status among Persons Living with HIV and AIDS in a Lower Northern Province
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This analytical cross-sectional research aimed to study the factors influencing disclosure of HIV-infected and AIDS patients in a province of the lower northern region. The samples were 333 HIV-infected and AIDS patients who received antiretroviral clinic services at Phichit community hospitals. The instrument used was questionnaires regarding personal information, self-esteem, family acceptance, social acceptance, economic factors, access to health services, participation in community activities, and disclosure. Content validity index (CVI) was .95 and reliability was .90, .85, .76, .80, .87, .96, and .80, respectively. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis statistics.
The results showed that the samples had a low level of self-disclosure. Factors influencing disclosure of HIV status included family acceptance, economic factors, social acceptance, and access to health services. These factors were able to predict the disclosure of HIV and AIDS patients at 29.00%, with a statistical significance of .05. This study recommended establishing a policy to create family and social acceptance, supportive behaviors, financial assistance and access to services, reducing patients’ stigma and fear of discrimination.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Damrongkwan K. AIDS, the beginning of learning from Bamras hospital in the past. 1st ed. Nonthaburi: PNS Creation Limited Partnership; 2018. (in Thai)
National Committee for the Prevention and Response to AIDS. Thailand National Strategy to end AIDS 2017-2030. Bangkok: NC Concept Company Limited; 2017. (in Thai)
National Health Security Office (NHSO). Information services for HIV-infected people [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2019 Aug 30]. Available from: http://napdl.nhso.go.th/NAPWebReport/LoginServlet (in Thai)
Adam BD, Corriveau P, Elliott R, Globerman J, English K, Rourke S. HIV disclosure as practice and public policy. Critical Public Health 2015;25(4):386-97.
Laothong K, Chayachinda C, Pongprasobchai S, Thanyatul P, Nooma P, Chalermchockcharoenkit A, et al. Factors influencing HIV serostatus disclosure among Thai women. Siriraj Medical Bulletin 2018;11(1):2-8. (in Thai)
Infectious Diseases and Vectors Information Center. Basic knowledge of AIDS [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2019 Aug 30]. Available from: http://webdb.dmsc.moph.go.th/ifc_nih/a_nih_1_001c.asp?info_id=901 (in Thai)
Sermrittirong S, Thanyakittikul P, Poladech S. A literature systematic review: the effects of stigma on people affected by leprosy, tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS. Disease Control Journal 2018;44(1):19-29. (in Thai)
Senanoi R, Virasiri S. Stress and adaptation among families living with HIV/AIDS persons: case analysis by family resiliency theory. Songklanagarind Journal of Nursing 2019;39(4):120-28. (in Thai)
Evangeli M, Wroe AL. HIV disclosure anxiety: a systematic review and theoretical synthesis. AIDS and Behavior 2017;21(1):1-11.
Chaiponbal S, Visudtibhan PJ, Arpanantikun M. Relationships between selected factors and HIV disclosure of Thai women to their partners. Nursing Journal of the Ministry of Public Health 2018;28(2):80-93. (in Thai)
Kalichman SC, Kalichman MO, Cherry C, Grebler T. HIV disclosure and transmission risks to sex partners among HIV-positive men. AIDS Patient Care and STDs 2016;30(5):221-8.
Spangler SA, Abuogi LL, Akama E, Bukusi EA, Odeny TA, Onono M, et al. From 'half-dead' to being 'free': resistance to HIV stigma, self-disclosure and support for PMTCT/HIV care among couples living with HIV in Kenya. Culture, Health and Sexuality 2018;20(5):489-503.
Muangma N, Lalitanantpong D. Resilience and social support in HIV/AIDS clients at the HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre. Chulalongkorn Medical Journal 2018;62(6):947-63. (in Thai)
Dessalegn NG, Sawleshwarkar S, Hailemichael RG, Shewa-Amare A, Lodebo B, Amberbir A, et al. HIV disclosure: HIV-positive status disclosure to sexual partners among individuals receiving HIV care in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. PLoS ONE 2019;14(2):e0211967.
Madiba S, Mokgatle M. Perceptions and experiences about self-disclosure of HIV status among adolescents with perinatal acquired HIV in poor-resourced communities in South Africa. AIDS Research and Treatment 2016;2016:2607249.
National AIDS Prevention and Solution Committee. National Strategy on ending AIDS problems 2017 - 2030. Bangkok: NC Concept Company Limited; 2019. (in Thai)
Sullivan KM. Sample size for a proportion or descriptive study [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2020 Aug 30]. Available from: https://www.openepi.com/SampleSize/SSPropor.htm
National Statistical Office. Household income [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2020 Aug 30]. Available from: http://statbbi.nso.go.th/staticreport/page/sector/th/08.aspx (in Thai)
Thailand HIV Information Center, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health. The stigma and discrimination situation [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2019 Aug 29]. Available from: https://hivhub.ddc.moph.go.th/epidemic.php (in Thai)
Go VF, Latkin C, Minh NL, Frangakis C, Ha TV, Sripaipan T, et al. Variations in the role of social support on disclosure among newly diagnosed HIV-infected people who inject drugs in Vietnam. AIDS and Behavior 2016;20(1):155-64.
Nöstlinger C, Bakeera-Kitaka S, Buyze J, Loos J, Buvé A. Factors influencing social self-disclosure among adolescents living with HIV in Eastern Africa. AIDS Care 2015;27 Suppl 1:36-46.
Sittikan S, Jongudomkarn D. Barriers to access of primary healthcare by people with low income in urban communities: a qualitative study. Journal of Nursing Science and Health 2020;43(1):19-29. (in Thai)